Chemical composition and antifeedant potential of hexane and methanolic extract as well as essential oil fractions of Caselpinia decapetala were investigated. The essential oils from the leaves, flowers and bark of Caesalpinia decapetala were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The highest oil yield was obtained in case of leaves 0.7 mL (0.24 %) which was followed by flowers 0.4 mL (0.11 %) and bark 0.01 mL (0.01 %). Methanolic fraction leads to the isolation of nine compounds. Essential oil samples along with methanolic and hexane extracts were tested for antifeedant activity. All the three samples of essential oils isolated from leaves bark and flowers showed significant activity against Spodoptera litura, a polyphagous pest.