Catheter-Associated Infections

Trautner, Barbara W.; Darouiche, Rabih O.

doi:10.1001/archinte.164.8.842

Cited by 253 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…For a microorganism to cause CRB, it must first gain access to the extraluminal or intraluminal surface of the TCCs by one of two primary routes, depending on the length of time following the procedure of the catheter placement. Within the first month after TCC placement, catheters are colonized by the external route from the percutaneous tract mainly by organisms from the patient's skin and the hands of the medical personnel [16]. This is very rare in patients whose TCC was appropriately inserted in the operation room.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Catheter-related Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the first month, TCCs are usually infected by the internal routes from contamination of the catheter hub, especially when TCC is inserted over a percutaneous guidewire or when it is later manipulated. This is the predominant mode of invasion of TCCs, and appropriate strategies for its preventions should be applied [16]. More rarely, hematogenous contamination of the catheter may occur from remote sources of local infection, such as pneumonia or, more commonly, a new reinserted catheter in patients with inadequately treated CRB might be contaminated hematogenously [17].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Catheter-related Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial biofilms are responsible for the resistance to most antimicrobial treatments in a high number of patients with device-related and other chronic infections, such as otitis media, cholesteatoma, tonsillitis, cystic fibrosis, and prostatitis [21]. Biofilm formation in TCCs begins soon after TCC placement [16] and is the major source of CRB. The responsible bacteria for CRBs initially grow only in biofilms [22] and are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy and insensitive to host defense mechanisms [23].…”

Section: The Role Of the Biofilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevention of catheter-related bacteremia in children on hemodialysis: time for action

Stefanidis

2009

Pediatr Nephrol

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This editorial commentary discusses the strategies for prevention of catheter-related bacteremia (CRB) in children on hemodialysis, which is associated with high morbidity and the increase of hospital cost. There is evidence that the use of arteriovenous fistulae in children on hemodialysis is associated with lower infection rates. Therefore, the use of catheters in these patients should be decreased by improving arteriovenous fistulae use rates or by increasing peritoneal dialysis patient recruitment. However, despite the wide adoption of such policies, hemodialysis catheters are still being used in a significant number of cases. For these patients, implementation of effective strategies for preventing contamination of the catheter hub should be a priority. The appropriate recording and evaluation of CRB rates are important for assessing preventive policies. In addition, the successful management of a CRB is essential for preventing recurrence of bacteremia. Recently it was documented in a number of randomized clinical trials that antimicrobial lock solutions were effective for preventing CRB. It is suggested that the use of antimicrobial locks should be considered in children who are at high risk of developing CRB, with caution for their long-term use, because of the possibility of bacterial resistance. Now is the time for action, and all preventive steps should be performed simultaneously to minimize the risk of CRB.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Catheter-related Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Catheter-related Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of the Biofilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevention of catheter-related bacteremia in children on hemodialysis: time for action

Stefanidis

2009

Pediatr Nephrol

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“…The presence of bacteria in the bladder constitutes a potential reservoir for multi resistant bacteria. 7 The risk of acquiring a urinary tract infection depends on the method and duration of catheterization, and the quality of catheter care. 2 Catheter associated bacteriuria is defined as a quantitative culture with >10 5 organisms/ml with not more than two different species of organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of Urinary Tract Infection in Indwelling Catheterized Patients

Kulkarni¹,

Talib²,

Naik³

et al. 2014

IOSRJDMS

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The urinary tract is the most common site of nosocomial infection and most of these infections follow instrumentation of the urinary tract, mainly urinary catheterization and is a frequent cause of significant morbidity, sepsis and death. Hence this study was done to evaluate the incidence of CATHETER ASSOCIATED Urinary tract infection (CAUTI) admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of MGM MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL AURANGABAD

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“…10,11 Currently, there are geographic variations in the prevalence of ESBL infections. A study by Gossens et al 12 reported that during the years 1997-2000, the prevalence of ESBL infections was comparable between France and Germany (1-5%) and higher in Italy (9-15%), Great Britain (7-22%), and Eastern Europe (Russia, Poland, and Turkey, 39-47%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase uropathogens: Prevalence, pathogens, risk factors, and strategies for infection control

Bouassida¹,

Jaidane²,

Bouallègue³

et al. 2016

CUAJ

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Introduction: Our goal was to investigate the prevalence and antibiogram pattern of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production among uropathogens using isolates from urine samples collected at the Department of Urology in the Sahloul Hospital, Tunisia We also aimed to identify the risk factors for nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and the measures for infection control. Methods: Laboratory records of a five-year period from January 2004 to December 2008 were submitted for retrospective analysis to determine the incidence of ESBL infections. A total of 276 isolates were collected. A case-control study involving comparisons between two groups of patients who underwent TURP was performed to determine the risk factors for ESBL infection. Group 1, designated case subjects, included 51 patients with nosocomial UTI after TURP. Group 2, designated control subjects, consisted of 58 randomly selected patients who underwent TURP without nosocomial UTI in the same period. Factors suspected to be implicated in the emergence of ESBL infection were compared between the two groups in order to identify risk factors for infection. A univariate regression analysis was performed, followed by a multivariate one. Results: The annual prevalence of ESBL infection ranged from 1.3-2.5%. After performing univariate and multivariate regression analysis, the main risk factors for ESBL infections were identified as: use of antibiotics the year preceding the admission, duration of catheter use, and bladder washout (p=0.012, p=0.019, and p<0.001. Conclusions: Urologists have to perform a good hemostasis, especially in endoscopic resections, in order to avoid bladder irrigation and bladder washout and to reduce the time of bladder catheterization, which is a strong risk factor of nosocomial UTIs. IntroductionHospital infections have become a growing healthcare challenge in recent decades and serious concerns have been expressed over the rise in antimicrobial resistance among pathogens causing hospital-acquired infections. Nosocomially acquired urinary tract infection (NAUTI) is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. 2,3This infection is not already present or incubating at the time of admission, but is acquired during hospital stay. Its definition requires a 48-hour delay after admission before symptoms appear.1,4,5 NAUTI has become one of the most important quality parameters for urological surgery. The problem is further exacerbated by the emergence of drug resistance among uropathogens in the form of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production. In fact, the first outbreak of ESBL-producing organisms was reported in 1983 in Germany 1 and involved chromosomal-or plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases (enzymes that cleave the beta-lactam ring) that had mutated from pre-existing broad-spectrum beta-lactamases as a consequence of the extensive use of third-generation cephalosporins and aztreonam.6 Those ESBL-producing pathogens are now...

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Catheter-Associated Infections

Cited by 253 publications

References 105 publications

Prevention of catheter-related bacteremia in children on hemodialysis: time for action

Prevention of catheter-related bacteremia in children on hemodialysis: time for action

Profile of Urinary Tract Infection in Indwelling Catheterized Patients

Nosocomial urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase uropathogens: Prevalence, pathogens, risk factors, and strategies for infection control

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