Catheter Laboratory Facilities in Indonesia: Number, Growth, and Distribution in The Largest Archipelago Nation

Abstract

Background: Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago and fourth most populous nation, has limited transportation due to geographical obstacles. This affects the provision of acute time-dependent therapy such as Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Indonesia's ageing population, which will increase Acute Coronary Syndrome prevalence in the next decade, will worsen this problem. Therefore, the analysis and enhancement of cardiovascular care are crucial. The catheterization laboratory (cath lab) performs PCI procedures. This study maps the number and distribution of Indonesia's cath lab facilities. Methods: A direct survey was used to collect cath lab location data. Population data came from the Ministry of Home Affairs. The growth of cath labs is shown and analyzed by region. The ratio and the Gini index are the primary comparison tools between regions and over time. Findings: The number of cath labs in Indonesia significantly increased from 181 to 310 in the last five years, with 44 of the 119 new labs built in an area that did not have one. Java has the most cath labs (208 cath labs, 67%). The cath lab ratio in the provinces of Indonesia ranges from 0.0 in West Papua and Maluku to 4.46 in Jakarta; the median is 1.09. (IQR 0.71-1.18). The distribution remains a problem, as shown by the high cath lab Gini index (0.48). Interpretation The number of cath labs in Indonesia has increased significantly in recent years. However, maldistribution remains a concern. in order to improve Indonesia's cardiovascular emergency services, Future cath lab development must be planned better by considering the facility accessibility and density. Funding: The study was conducted with the researcher's funds