Cathode Degradation From Airborne Contaminants in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Aphale, Ashish; Liang, Chiying; Hu, Boxun; Singh, Prabhakar

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101102-7.00006-4

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Kurokawa et al found that the enthalpy of reaction favored this species under the given conditions, which matched previous works and proved that this gaseous chromium species is most abundant and to blame for electrode poisoning [40]. This gaseous species reduces at the triple phase boundary and forms solid Cr 2 O 3 , thereby reducing the active area at the boundary and preventing oxygen reduction [35].…”

Section: Materials Corrosion/degradation Phenomenasupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Chromium has been shown to volatilize (evaporate) from chromium-containing ferritic steels used for interconnects and in BOP components [35]. Over prolonged operation in a SOFC/SOEC, ferritic steels which form a chromia scale can lose chromium through volatilization (evaporation).…”

Section: Materials Corrosion/degradation Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chromium species can also react with electrode constituents and create complex oxides, which has been shown to cause cell degradation [36,37,38]. In systems with strontium and manganese, such as LSM cathodes, gaseous chromium species can cause the growth of solid SrCrO 4 and spinel-type (Cr,Mn) 3 O 4 , which also reduce electrochemical activity by building on active boundary area [35]. Jiang et al found that deposition of chromium occurred on the LSCF electrode used, while in an interconnect/LSM/YSZ cell, chromium deposited on the electrolyte surface [39].…”

Section: Materials Corrosion/degradation Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Solid Oxide Electrochemical Systems: Material Degradation Processes and Novel Mitigation Approaches

2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid oxide electrochemical systems, such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC), and oxygen transport membranes (OTM) enable clean and reliable production of energy or fuel for a range of applications, including, but not limited to, residential, commercial, industrial, and grid-support. These systems utilize solid-state ceramic oxides which offer enhanced stability, fuel flexibility, and high energy conversion efficiency throughout operation. However, the nature of system conditions, such as high temperatures, complex redox atmosphere, and presence of volatile reactive species become taxing on solid oxide materials and limit their viability during long-term operation. Ongoing research efforts to identify the material corrosion and degradation phenomena, as well as discover possible mitigation techniques to extend material efficiency and longevity, is the current focus of the research and industrial community. In this review, degradation processes in select solid oxide electrochemical systems, system components, and comprising materials will be discussed. Overall degradation phenomena are presented and certain degradation mechanisms are discussed. State-of-the-art technologies to mitigate or minimize the above-mentioned degradation processes are presented.

show abstract

Section: Materials Corrosion/degradation Phenomenasupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Materials Corrosion/degradation Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Corrosion/degradation Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Solid Oxide Electrochemical Systems: Material Degradation Processes and Novel Mitigation Approaches

2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The getter materials for high-temperature electrochemical systems require exceptional stability and reliability as well as gettering capability. Singh and co-workers have suggested strontium nickel oxide (SNO) as a Cr capturing material, which can conserve cathodes from Cr poisoning. , Although its performance for absorbing Cr vapors has been demonstrated, further studies revealed the structural instability accompanied by phase separation at high temperatures (≥950 °C) and in humid environments. , Such limitation brings difficulty in fabricating substrate-supported SNO getters and restricts the application of the getter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strontium Manganese Oxide Getter for Capturing Airborne Cr and S Contaminants in High-Temperature Electrochemical Systems

Hong

Aphale

Heo

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traces (ppm to ppb level) of airborne contaminants such as CrO2(OH)2 and SO2 irreversibly degrade the electrochemical activity of air electrodes in high-temperature electrochemical devices such as solid oxide fuel cells by retarding oxygen reduction reactions. The use of getter has been proposed as a cost-effective strategy to mitigate the electrode poisoning. However, owing to the harsh operating conditions (i.e., exposure to heat and moisture), the long-term durability of getter materials remains a considerable challenge. In this study, we report our findings on strontium manganese oxide (SMO) as a robust getter material for cocapture of airborne Cr and S contaminants. The SMO getter with a 3D honeycomb architecture, fabricated via slurry dip-coating, successfully maintains the electrochemical activity of solid oxide cells under the flow of gaseous Cr and S species, validating the getter’s capability of capturing traces of Cr and S contaminants. Investigations found that both Sr and Mn cations contribute to the absorption reaction and that the reaction processes are accompanied by morphological elongation in the form of SrSO4 nanorods and SrCrO4 whiskers, which favors continued absorption and reaction of incoming S and Cr contaminants. The SMO getter also displays robust stability at high temperatures and in humid environments without phase transformation and hydrolysis. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the use of SMO getter under severe operating conditions representative of high-temperature electrochemical systems.

show abstract

“…Instead, the Sr 3d line exhibited chemical-state sensitivity to the gas ambient: specifically, spectral changes have been found in H 2 and CH 4 /O 2 ambients, as detailed below. It is worth noting that the chemical state of Sr in SOFC materials has been investigated by ex situ XPS in some detail in the literature [44,[46][47][48]. Briefly, on the one hand, Sr has been described in La-Sr perovskites with transition metals and, on the other hand, as a species diffused on YSZ.…”

Section: Spatially Resolved Photoemission Measurements At Near Ambient Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Resolved XPS Characterization of Electrochemical Surfaces

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synchrotron-based scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) has opened unique opportunities for exploiting processes occurring at surfaces and interfaces, which control the properties of materials for electrochemical devices, where issues of chemical and morphological complexity at microscopic length scales should be faced and understood. The present article aims to demonstrate the present capabilities of SPEM to explore the surface composition of micro- and nano-structured materials, focusing on cases relevant to electrochemical technologies. We report and discuss a selection of recent results about three different systems, targeting hot topics in the fields of electrochemical energy storage and electrochemical fabrication: (i) an in-depth analysis of Ag-In electrodeposited alloys exhibiting dynamic pattern formation, (ii) the analysis of electrochemical processes at the electrodes of a self-driven solid oxide fuel cell and (iii) an operando characterization of a single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell. The last example has been performed at near-ambient pressure conditions using a unique specially designed setup which extends the traditional capabilities of scanning photoemission microscopes in the ultra-high and high-vacuum regimes to operating conditions that are closer to realistic ones, contributing to overcome the so-called “pressure gap”.

show abstract

Cathode Degradation From Airborne Contaminants in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Cited by 15 publications

References 86 publications

Solid Oxide Electrochemical Systems: Material Degradation Processes and Novel Mitigation Approaches

Solid Oxide Electrochemical Systems: Material Degradation Processes and Novel Mitigation Approaches

Strontium Manganese Oxide Getter for Capturing Airborne Cr and S Contaminants in High-Temperature Electrochemical Systems

Spatially Resolved XPS Characterization of Electrochemical Surfaces

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About