Cationic ion exchange resins as catalyst

Esters are an important pharmaceutical intermediates and very useful perfumery agents. In this study the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol and iso-butanol over an acidic cation exchange resin, Amberlyst 15 were carried out. The effects of certain parameters such as temperature, catalyst loading, initial molar ratio between reactants on the rate of reaction were studied. The experiments were conducted in a stirred batch reactor in the temperature range of 351.15 K to 366.15K.Variation of parameters on rate of reaction demonstrated that the reaction was intrinsically controlled.The activation energy for the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol and iso butanol is found to be 28.45 k J/mol and 23.29 kJ/mol respectively. ©2011 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserved.

(Received: 16th December 2010, Revised: 19th March 2011; Accepted: 7th April 2011)

[How to Cite: A.P. Toor, M. Sharma, G. Kumar, and R. K. Wanchoo. (2011). Kinetic Study of Esterification of Acetic Acid with n-butanol and isobutanol Catalyzed by Ion Exchange Resin. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis, 6(1): 23-30. doi:10.9767/bcrec.6.1.665.23-30]

[How to Link / DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.6.1.665.23-30 ]

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“…Cation exchange resin is considered to be an important catalyst for liquid-phase reactions like esterification, etherification, etc. [18].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Despite several studies on this useful reaction, the work on high molar ratio is quite limited; as with the high molar ratio rate of reaction increases and reaction time also decreases. There are a number of studies related to the other esterification reactions catalyzed by ion exchange resins [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Study of Esterification of Acetic Acid with n-butanol and isobutanol Catalyzed by Ion Exchange Resin

Toor

Sharma

Kumar

et al. 2011

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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(Received: 16th December 2010, Revised: 19th March 2011; Accepted: 7th April 2011)

[How to Link / DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.6.1.665.23-30 ]

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“…Various kinetic models have been described for liquid phase reactions catalyzed by ion exchange resin such as pseudo-homogeneous (PH) model, Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LHW) model, Eley-Rideal (ER) model in the absence of any intra-particle diffusion limitations [5]. A pseudohomogeneous approach has been used to explain kinetic data.…”

Section: E Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For more effective processes the uses of heterogeneous catalysts such as zeolites, metal oxides, acid treated clays, cation-exchange resins, etc., are being exploited as the replacement due to their eco-friendly nature [3], [4]. Cation exchange resin catalyzed reactions is extensively been reviewed [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Study for the Synthesis of Diethyl Maleate over Cation Exchange Resin Indion 730

Sirsam¹,

Usmani²

2013

IJCEA

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Abstract-Kinetic study of the esterification of maleic acid with ethanol has been carried out over cation exchange resin Indion 730, Indion 225H, AmberliteIR120, Amberlyst 35 wet. Indion 730 has shown the higher conversion of maleic acid than other catalyst. Effect of various parameters such as speed of agitation (600-1000 rpm), particle size (0.172 -0.834 mm), mole ratio (maleic acid to ethanol, 1:4 -1:10), catalyst loading (50-120 kg/m 3 of reactant volume), temperature (323-353 K) has been studied. A psudo homogeneous model has been applied to validate the experimental data at different temperature and activation energy was found to be 12.54 kcal/mol.

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“…21 Provavelmente para o copolímero C1, do tipo gel, a taxa de formação do complexo em fase vapor foi controlada pela difusão do filme, que limitou a reação à superfície da partícula. Já para o copolímero C2, a difusão de vapor de iodo no interior da matriz polimérica deve ter sido mais lenta que a reação com piridina, provavelmente porque esse copolímero contém poros estreitos e o iodo possui elevado volume.…”

Section: Síntese Dos Complexos De Transferência De Carga Com Iodounclassified

Preparação de copolímeros à base de 2-vinilpiridina com propriedades bactericidas

Valle¹,

Costa²,

Marques³

et al. 2011

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 14/4/10; aceito em 17/11/10; publicado na web em 18/2/11 SYNTHESIS OF COPOLYMERS BASED ON 2-VINYLPYRIDINE WITH ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES. We report the development of two copolymers based on 2-vinylpyridine, styrene and divinylbenzene (2Vpy-Sty-DVB) with different porosity degrees. The copolymers were subsequently quaternized with methyl iodide. To prepare charge transfer complexes, the unmodified copolymers and their derivatives quaternized with methyl iodine were impregnated with iodine. The antibacterial properties of the polymers were evaluated in dilutions ranging from 10 2 to 10 7 cells/mL of the auxotrophic OHd5-K12 Escherichia coli strain. It was possible to obtain materials with complete antibacterial activity even in the highest cell concentrations tested.Keywords: biocidal polymers; 2-vinylpyridine-styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers; iodine. INTRODUÇÃOO processo mais comumente empregado para desinfecção de água contaminada com bactérias e vírus nocivos, especialmente aqueles que se originam de matéria fecal, é o tratamento com agentes oxidantes fortes, mais especificamente o tratamento com cloro e substâncias que o contém. Apesar do método de cloração da água não ser oneroso, a formação de compostos orgânicos clorados, tais como trialometanos (THM), representa um risco grande para a saúde da população, visto que diversos estudos apontam que esses compostos são carcinogêni-cos. Além disso, esses compostos não sofrem degradação biológica facilmente, possibilitando bioacumulação na cadeia alimentar. 1,2Em razão da importância que a água representa para melhoria da qualidade de vida e a manutenção da saúde humana é essencial o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, que propiciem alternativas ao tratamento convencional de águas. Dentre os processos alternativos de desinfecção da água, em que a geração de trialometanos é evitada, é possível destacar o uso de ozônio, dióxido de cloro, além da radiação ultravioleta. [3][4][5] A ação germicida do ozônio pode ser atribuída aos radicais livres, hidroxila e hidroperóxido, produzidos pela reação com a água. Devido a sua instabilidade, o transporte e o armazenamento de ozônio são dificultados, e ele deve ser gerado in situ. A geração de ozônio in situ é um processo dispendioso, que envolve descargas elétricas de 20000 volts em ar seco. Além disso, em função desse tempo de vida curto das moléculas de ozônio, a água purificada não possui uma proteção residual que evite uma contaminação futura. Assim como o ozônio, o dióxido de cloro não pode ser estocado, já que é explosivo em elevadas concentrações. A geração de dióxido de cloro in situ acontece pela oxidação da sua forma reduzida, ClO 2 -, encontrada no sal clorito de sódio. Neste processo são gerados como subprodutos íons clorito e clorato, além de outras espécies aniônicas. A presença destas espécies na água final também tem causado problemas de saúde. A desinfecção por radiação ultravioleta é dificultada por problemas operacionais como, por exemplo, pequena profundidade do leito a ser desinfetado, além ...

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Cationic ion exchange resins as catalyst

Cited by 376 publications

References 107 publications

Kinetic Study of Esterification of Acetic Acid with n-butanol and isobutanol Catalyzed by Ion Exchange Resin

Kinetic Study of Esterification of Acetic Acid with n-butanol and isobutanol Catalyzed by Ion Exchange Resin

Kinetic Study for the Synthesis of Diethyl Maleate over Cation Exchange Resin Indion 730

Preparação de copolímeros à base de 2-vinilpiridina com propriedades bactericidas

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