Cationic Xylan Derivatives with High Degree of Functionalization

Schwikal, Katrin; Heinze, Thomas; Ebringerová, Anna; Petzold, Katrin

doi:10.1002/masy.200551406

Cited by 75 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This fact was in agreement with the observations about crystallinity disappearance after chemical modification. 6 In addition, this figure gave clear evidence that the native hemicelluloses had a higher thermal stability up to 2258C than the modified hemicelluloses at 2008C when decomposition began. Beyond these Figure 1 FTIR spectra of (a) the native hemicelluloses and (b) cationic hemicellulose sample 3.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 83%

Synthesis of cationic hemicellulosic derivatives with a low degree of substitution in dimethyl sulfoxide media

Ren

Peng

Sun

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A series of water-soluble cationic 2-hydroxylpropyltrimethylammonium hemicellulosic derivatives with low average degrees of substitution (DS's) were prepared by the incorporation of the cationic moiety 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (ETA) onto the backbone of hemicelluloses in the presence of NaOH as a nucleophilic catalyst in homogeneous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) media. The dependence of the homogeneous reaction on the different affecting factors was investigated. The average DS was calculated from the N/C ratio in the products and from the weight gain. The degree of substitution determined by the nitrogen content (DS N ) values up to 0.25 in a one-step synthesis of the etherified hemicelluloses could be controlled by the adjustment of the amount of solvent used and the molar ratio of NaOH or ETA to the anhydromonomer units in the hemicelluloses. The structure of the cationic hemicellulosic derivatives formed was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and further confirmed with solution-state 13 C-NMR spectroscopy. In comparison, no significant degradation of the hemicellulosic derivatives occurred during the etherification of the polymers in the homogeneous DMSO system.

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Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 83%

Synthesis of cationic hemicellulosic derivatives with a low degree of substitution in dimethyl sulfoxide media

Ren

Peng

Sun

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The DS was then calculated using Equation 1, according to Schwikal et al (2006) [14] , in which %C and %N refers to the percentage carbon and nitrogen in each material, respectively.…”

Section: Degree Of Substitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of cationic hemicelluloses produced from corn husk as polyelectrolytes in sewage treatment

Landim¹,

Filho²,

Sousa³

et al. 2013

Polímeros

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Hemicelluloses were extracted from corn husk and converted into cationic hemicelluloses using 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. The degree of substitution was determined as 0.43 from results of elemental analysis. The cationic derivative was also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Carbon-13 magnetic nuclear ressonance. The produced polymer was employed as coagulant aid in a sewage treatment station (STS) of the municipal department of water and sewer (Departamento Municipal de Água e Esgoto -DMAE) in Uberlândia-Minas Gerais, Brazil, using Jar test experiments. Its performance was compared to ACRIPOL C10  , a commercial cationic polyacrylamide regularly used as a coagulant at the STS. The best result of the jar-test essays was obtained when using cationic hemicelluloses (10 mg L -1 ) as coagulant aid and ferric chloride as coagulante (200 mg L -1 ). The resultsof color and turbidity reduction, 37 and 39%, respectively, were better than when using only ferric chloride. These results were also higher than those of commercial polyacrylamide, on the order of 32.4 and 38.7%, respectively. The results showed that the cationic hemicelluloses presented similar or even superior performance when compared to ACRIPOL C10  , demonstrating that the polyelectrolytes produced from recycled corn husks can replace commercial polymers in sewage treatment stations.

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“…Xylans have the potential to be used in biomedical applications (Ebringerová and Hromádková 1999), to produce composite films with cellulose (Saxena et al 2011), as food additives and nutraceuticals (Moure et al 2006), as food packaging films (Mikkonen and Tenkanen 2012), and as foams or gels (Deutchmann and Dekker 2012). Xylan can also be chemically functionalized further to yield cationic xylans (Schwikal et al 2005) or to increase the size of xylan molecules with reductive amination (Daus et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressurized Hot Water Flow-through Extraction of Birch Sawdust with Acetate pH Buffer

Kilpeläinen¹,

Kitunen²,

Pranovich³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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Birch sawdust was extracted with a pressurized hot water (PHW) flowthrough system. The pH of the extract was controlled during extraction by the addition of acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer. Three different pH levels, 4.0, 4.2, and 4.6, were used. Extraction temperatures were 160, 170, and 180 °C, with a constant 4 mL/min flow rate through the 50 mL extraction vessel. During PHW extraction with plain water, the end pH of the extract dropped from 5 to below 3. Buffers kept the pH of the extracts constant during the first 30 min of extraction. Compared to plain water, the use of buffers resulted in a lower yield of xylans during the 170 °C extraction. However, with the buffered system it was possible to obtain xylans from sawdust with a higher molar mass than plain water extraction. Acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer enabled control of the hydrolysis rate of xylans during extraction.

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Cationic Xylan Derivatives with High Degree of Functionalization

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Synthesis of cationic hemicellulosic derivatives with a low degree of substitution in dimethyl sulfoxide media

Synthesis of cationic hemicellulosic derivatives with a low degree of substitution in dimethyl sulfoxide media

Application of cationic hemicelluloses produced from corn husk as polyelectrolytes in sewage treatment

Pressurized Hot Water Flow-through Extraction of Birch Sawdust with Acetate pH Buffer

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