Cattle breeding, trypanosomosis prevalence and drug resistance in Northern Togo

Tchamdja, Eyaba; Kulo, Abalo; Vitouley, H.; Batawui, K.; Bankolé, A.A.; Adomefa, K.; Cecchi, Giuliano; Hoppenheit, Antje; Clausen, Peter‐Henning; Deken, R. De; Abbeele, Jan Van Den; Marcotty, Tanguy; Delespaux, V.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.02.008

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These rates in cattle and sheep are large but lower than in cattle in the north (10.2%) by Tchamdja et al (2017) and in the Mô Plain (37.64%) by Talaki et al (2014) in Togo, in sheep (13.1%) by Farougou et al (2011) in southern Guinean zone of Benin and in goats (8%) by Bastiaensen (2003) in Sokodé in Togo. It is also lower than the 6.86% observed by Degnah et al (2013) in Ethiopia in the Lalo Kile district and above the 2.5% obtained by Adam et al (2012) in Ghana in cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In fact, the treatment of cattle with trypanosomosis continues to focus mainly on the use of the two main compounds used for decades, ie diminazene aceturate and isometamidium chloride (Mamoudou et al, 2006;Mamoudou et al, 2008;Delespaux et al, 2008a;Vitouley et al, 2013;Tchamdja et al, 2016). Unfortunately, many cases of resistance to these compounds have been detected in more than 18 African countries (Delespaux et al, 2008a;Vitouley et al, 2013;Tchamdja et al, 2017). In addition, the development of vaccines in the near future being uncertain (Magez and Radwanska, 2009;Magez et al, 2010), alternative research approaches including study of trypanocidal medicinal plants commonly used by rural farmers are increasingly explored (Vitouley et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, many cases of resistance to these compounds have been detected in more than 18 African countries (Delespaux et al, 2008a;Vitouley et al, 2013;Tchamdja et al, 2017). In addition, the development of vaccines in the near future being uncertain (Magez and Radwanska, 2009;Magez et al, 2010), alternative research approaches including study of trypanocidal medicinal plants commonly used by rural farmers are increasingly explored (Vitouley et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Potential In Vitro Trypanocidal Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants in the Pastoral Area of Gaongho in Burkina Faso

André¹,

Kaboré²,

Zakaria³

et al. 2017

J. Anim. Health Prod.

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| In the pastoral zone of Gaongho in Burkina Faso, the main disease of ruminants is the African Animal Trypanosomiasis (AAT) which is very often controlled by herders with the aqueous extracts of five plants whose present study proposes to evaluate the potential trypanocidal activities. To this end, a parasitological field survey in ruminants was carried out followed by an in vitro trypanocidal test of five plant extracts using three concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg / ml) in triplicate in comparison with negative (PBS) and positive (Veriben) controls in the laboratory. The field survey revealed an overall prevalence rate of 4.14% for trypanosomes, including 4.54% for cattle and sheep and 3.33% for goats, with no significant difference (P ˃ 0. 05) was recorded between the three ruminant species. Among the latter, the sex effect showed a significant difference in goats where males were more infested (P = 0.0015) than females. On the other hand, the age of the animals presented no significant difference (P = 0.8218) between the three species. All ruminants tested were more infested with Trypanosoma brucei brucei (66.67%) than T. congolense (33.33%). The in vitro test was conducted with aqueous extracts of five plants (Balanites aegyptiaca, Capparis sepiaria, Guiera senegalensis, Mitragyna inermis, and Vitellaria paradoxa) on Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Concentrations of 50 and 100 mg / ml of G. senegalensis leaf extracts and V. paradoxa bark caused high mortality of T. brucei brucei and were comparable to Veriben, the standard reference product. The results obtained with the extracts of G. senegalensis and V. paradoxa showed that these plantsmay be the potential source of trypanocidal drugs. Keywords

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Potential In Vitro Trypanocidal Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants in the Pastoral Area of Gaongho in Burkina Faso

André¹,

Kaboré²,

Zakaria³

et al. 2017

J. Anim. Health Prod.

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“…Vector control with continental programs such as PATTEC (Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign) which, in addition to being expensive and laborious, has absolutely not allowed to eradicate tsetse flies like originally planned 2,3 . The use of trypanocidal molecules for prophylaxis (isometamidium chloride) or curative (diminazene aceturate) unfortunately has many cases of trypanosome resistance in more than 18 African countries 4,5,6 . As for the development of vaccines, this strategy is uncertain in the near future 7,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Trypanosomal Activity of Guiera senegalensis on Trypanosoma brucei Infected Mice

André¹,

Hervé²,

Zakaria³

et al. 2019

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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Aqueous decoction of Guiera senegalensis leaves was studied orally and intraperitoneally for its antitrypanosomal activity on mice infected experimentally with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. After a phytochemical screening followed by an acute toxicity study on mice, the extract of plant was administered once daily for 2 days at doses of 60, 120 and 240 mg / kg orally and 15, 30 and 60 mg / kg intraperitoneally after infection. Then, parameters of parasitaemia, packed cell volume (PCV), mean survival time and body weight of the mice treated with the extract were measured and compared with positive (diminazene aceturate) and negative (distilled water) controls for 7 days in a row. Results indicate that the aqueous extract of G. senegalensis leaves contains tannins, flavonoids, saponosides, reducing compounds and anthocyanosides, alkaloids and coumarins. LD50 of the extract are 1264.49 mg / kg by oral route and 316.22 mg / kg by intraperitoneal route. The doses of 240 mg / kg by oral route and 15 and 60 mg / kg by intraperitoneal route of aqueous extract showed a mean survival time (5 days) comparable to the positive control. Parasitaemia level increased in all mice tested except in mice treated with diminazene aceturate during the post-infestation period. During this period, PCV and body weight of all mice decreased by both routes of administration. These results of the study show the pharmacological utility of G. senegalensis leaves in the control of TAA by herders / pastoralists and suggest continuing further bio-guided studies to isolate the active components of the plant in order to improve their efficiency. Keywords: In vivo test; Trypanosoma brucei brucei; Guiera senegalensis leaves; phytochemical screening; acute toxicity.

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“…While the situation has been improved by the advent of microscopic methods such as the hematocrit technique 12 , 13 , the sensitivity and specificity of these assays remain relatively low. The lack of routine field diagnosis has resulted in the indiscriminate use (and misuse) of trypanocidal drugs, thereby accelerating the rise of parasite resistance 14 – 16 . The situation is further complicated by the circulation of counterfeit products 17 and drug administration by farmers themselves because of limited veterinary assistance 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Nanobody-based lateral flow assay to detect active Trypanosoma congolense infections

Torres

Goossens

Ding

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Animal African trypanosomosis (AAT), a disease affecting livestock, is caused by parasites of the Trypanosoma genus (mainly T. vivax and T. congolense). AAT is widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa, where it continues to impose a heavy socio-economic burden as it renders development of sustainable livestock rearing very strenuous. Active case-finding and the identification of infected animals prior to initiation of drug treatment requires the availability of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. In this paper, we describe the development of two heterologous sandwich assay formats (ELISA and LFA) for T. congolense detection through the use of Nanobodies (Nbs). The immunisation of an alpaca with a secretome mix from two T. congolense strains resulted in the identification of a Nb pair (Nb44/Nb42) that specifically targets the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase. We demonstrate that the Nb44/Nb42 ELISA and LFA can be employed to detect parasitaemia in plasma samples from experimentally infected mice and cattle and, additionally, that they can serve as ‘test-of-cure’ tools. Altogether, the findings in this paper present the development and evaluation of the first Nb-based antigen detection LFA to identify active T. congolense infections.

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Cattle breeding, trypanosomosis prevalence and drug resistance in Northern Togo

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Potential In Vitro Trypanocidal Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants in the Pastoral Area of Gaongho in Burkina Faso

Prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Potential In Vitro Trypanocidal Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants in the Pastoral Area of Gaongho in Burkina Faso

Anti-Trypanosomal Activity of Guiera senegalensis on Trypanosoma brucei Infected Mice

Development of a Nanobody-based lateral flow assay to detect active Trypanosoma congolense infections

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