Cattle manure increases soil weed population and species diversity in a semi-arid environment

Materechera, S. A.; Modiakgotla, L. N.

doi:10.1080/02571862.2006.10634725

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The effects of spontaneous grass with manure on TN were significant beginning in August. Based on a previous study, cattle manure can increase the diversity and abundance of spontaneous grasses (Materechera & Modiakgotla, 2006). Competition among spontaneous grasses occurred because of manure input (Rajaniemi, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of subsoil physicochemical and microbial properties by short-term fallow practices

Vries

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Fallow management can improve the soil nutrients in the topsoil and upper subsoil. However, little is known about the effects of short-term (one year) fallowing with different treatments, such as vegetation and fertilization, on subsoil (20–40 cm) properties. We conducted field trials to explore the changes in subsoil properties in response to such treatments in the Yellow River Delta region in China. Different vegetation and fertilization treatments were applied, and we measured the carbon and nitrogen contents, microbial biomass and microbial community structure in the subsoil. Fallowing without manure resulted in the storage of more total nitrogen (16.38%) than fallowing with manure, and meadow vegetation improved the ammonium nitrogen content (45.71%) relative to spontaneous vegetation. Spontaneous vegetation with manure improved the microbial biomass nitrogen (P < 0.05). Although the impact of short-term fallowing on microbial community structure was low, an effect of management was observed for some genera. Blastopirellula, Lysobacter, and Acidobacteria Gp6 showed significant differences among fallow treatments by the end of the year (P < 0.05). Blastopirellula abundance was related to the microbial biomass nitrogen and nitrogen mineralization rate in the subsoil. Manure retained a high abundance of Lysobacter, which may strengthen soil-borne disease resistance. The response of Acidobacteria Gp6 showed that meadow vegetation without manure may not benefit future crops. Although the treatments did not significantly improve microbial community structure in the one-year period, annual fallowing improved certain subsoil properties and increased the number of functional genera, which may enhance crop productivity in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of subsoil physicochemical and microbial properties by short-term fallow practices

Vries

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…Our previous studies [25] showed that the urea in the kraal manure did not reduce the emergence and growth of weed seedlings. Although the numbers of weed seeds in the Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preliminary tests indicated that the soil at this depth was devoid of weeds. The soil in each pot was thoroughly mixed with airdry, partly decomposed cattle manure (1:3 v/v parts; manure: soil) collected from the floor of the dairy kraal at the University farm in order to increase the weed seed bank in the soil [25]. The pots were placed in a glasshouse where the day and night temperatures were 27 + 3 o C and 15 + 2 o C respectively.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Aqueous Extracts from Parts of the Pepper Tree (Schinus molle L.) to Affect Emergence and Seedling Development of Wheat (Triticum sativa L.) and Weeds in a Manure Amended Soil~!2008-09-12~!2008-11-15~!2008-12-05~!

Materechera¹,

Hae²

2008

TOASJ

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Abstract:The allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from fruits, leaves, roots and bark of the pepper tree (Schinus molle L.) were investigated on emergence and seedling development of wheat (Triticum sativa L.) and agricultural weeds. Different concentrations of the original extract (undiluted, 1:1, 1:3 and water, v/v) were applied to a soil amended with cattle manure in 2-litre pots. Extracts from all the tree parts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling emergence, height and dry matter yields of wheat and weed seedlings compared to the control (water). The inhibitory effects on both wheat and weed seedlings were consistently in the order fruit=leaves >roots>bark. The inhibitory effects were however progressively reduced by diluting the original extracts suggesting that there was reduction in the concentration of the compounds inhibiting the emergence and development of seedlings.The weed population and species composition were negatively affected by tree extracts but improved with dilution of the extracts. It was observed that grass weed species were relatively more adversely affected by the inhibitory compounds in the extracts than broad leaf species at each level of extract dilution. The results confirm the presence of water-soluble compounds in the tissues of the pepper tree which can inhibit seedling emergence and growth of wheat and weed seedlings. It is concluded that the pepper tree posses allelopathic characteristics that may be explored for weed management in agriculture. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate the nature of the phytotoxin, formulation, mode of application and the appropriate economic way of exploiting this potential.

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“…In smallholder farming in South Africa, cattle, goats, sheep and chickens produce most of the animal manure. 12 The manure is collected, transported to the field and incorporated into the soil without composting 13 , either because of a lack of knowledge or to reduce labour requirements 5,14 . Previous studies have indicated that less than 33% of smallholder farmers in the Vhembe District keep livestock (an average of 5 head of cattle, 10 goats and 8 chickens per household) and hence the quantity of manure was not enough.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poultry and cattle manure effects on sunflower performance, grain yield and selected soil properties in Limpopo Province, South Africa

2019

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The application of organic manures as alternatives to reduce the use of mineral fertilisers is considered a good agricultural practice for smallholder farmers. However, the effect of organic manure on soil properties and crop yield depends upon its application rate and its chemical composition. A field experiment was carried out during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons at the University of Venda experimental farm (Limpopo Province, South Africa) to determine the effect of three organic manures (cattle, poultry and their 1:1 combination, 20 t/ha) on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) performance, grain yield and selected soil properties under rainfed conditions. Poultry manure produced the highest final infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration followed by cattle manure, their combination and the control in that order. Total nitrogen, calcium, and zinc were significantly different between treatments in the first season while potassium, sodium, and zinc were significantly different in the second season. Manure combination and poultry manure produced the highest organic carbon and available phosphorus, respectively, in both seasons compared to other treatments. Organic manure application had a significant (p less than 0.05) effect on dry matter, plant height and stem girth at all growth stages in the second cropping season but only in the flower bud stage for both parameters in the first season. Manure application in the second season resulted in an increase in the grain yield compared to the first season, except after application of poultry manure whereafter the grain yield decreased significantly by 168% from the first cropping season. The application of organic manure had a significant effect on sunflower grain yield, dry matter, head dry matter, plant height and stem girth throughout all growing stages in the second cropping season with poultry manure producing the best values.

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Cattle manure increases soil weed population and species diversity in a semi-arid environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Improvement of subsoil physicochemical and microbial properties by short-term fallow practices

Improvement of subsoil physicochemical and microbial properties by short-term fallow practices

Potential of Aqueous Extracts from Parts of the Pepper Tree (Schinus molle L.) to Affect Emergence and Seedling Development of Wheat (Triticum sativa L.) and Weeds in a Manure Amended Soil~!2008-09-12~!2008-11-15~!2008-12-05~!

Poultry and cattle manure effects on sunflower performance, grain yield and selected soil properties in Limpopo Province, South Africa

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