Cauda equina syndrome

Barraclough, Kevin

doi:10.1136/bmj.n32

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Rarely a patient may present with urinary retention or decreased anal sphincter tone, which suggest cauda equina. This requires prompt referral 11…”

Section: How Is It Diagnosed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumbar spinal stenosis

Jensen

Harhangi

Huygen

et al. 2021

BMJ

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“…Rarely a patient may present with urinary retention or decreased anal sphincter tone, which suggest cauda equina. This requires prompt referral 11…”

Section: How Is It Diagnosed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumbar spinal stenosis

Jensen

Harhangi

Huygen

et al. 2021

BMJ

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“…Our view is that although reduced perineal sensation is commonly present with CESI, we agree with Gleave and Macfarlane that it is not absolutely mandatory to make the diagnosis. This view is supported by Barraclough [ 17 ] who in a short review of relevant literature reports many cases of MRI-confirmed CES where there is no loss of perineal sensation.…”

Section: Results and Discussion On Classificationmentioning

confidence: 80%

Cauda equina syndrome—a practical guide to definition and classification

Lavy

Marks²,

Dangas

et al. 2021

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Purpose International uniformity of definition and classification are crucial for diagnosis and management of cauda equina syndrome (CES). They are also useful for clinicians when discussing CES with patients and relatives, and for medicolegal purposes. Methods We reviewed published literature using PubMed on definition and classification of cauda equina syndrome since 2000 (21 years). Using the search terms ‘cauda equina’ and ‘definition’ or ‘classification’, we found and reviewed 212 papers. Results There were 17 different definitions of CES used in the literature. There were three well-defined methods of classification of CES. The two-stage system of incomplete CES (CESI) versus CES with retention (CESR) is the most commonly used classification, and has prognostic value although the details of this continue to be debated. Conclusion We used the existing literature to propose a clear definition of CES. We also drew on peer-reviewed published literature that has helped to amplify and expand the CESI/CESR dichotomy, adding categories that are both less severe than CESI, and more severe than CESR, and we propose clear definitions in a table form to assist current and future discussion and management of CES.

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“…It may be necessary to teach the patient the technique of intermittent self-catheterization to allow return to home. Approximately 75% of all CES patients will eventually have acceptable urological function, though frequently with chronic back pain and some motor and sensory deficits in the perineum and lower limbs (1,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually the cause is a central disc prolapse at the L4/5 or L5/S1 level. More rarely, compression can occur due to pathology in a higher disc or to infection or a tumor (1). Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a surgical emergency with potentially significant consequences, including bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction, numbness, weakness, and pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Berlianzsa

Hafidz

2022

midwifery

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Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare condition in which the lumbosacral nerve roots that extend below the spinal cord itself are compressed within the lumbosacral spinal canal. Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a devastating condition for quality of life which may lead to permanent disability with associated neurological pain affecting the patient, their family and relationships. We hereby present a case regarding 31-year-old man with features of cauda equina syndrome. A In this patient MRI was done and revealed degeneration of the lumbar discs, specifically on the L3-4 and L5-S1 segments, which could possibly be preceded by disc herniations (10-12). The spinal cord micturition center is located at S2–S4 levels (anatomi- cally near the L1 vertebrae). Injuries leading to bladder dysfunction may result in detrusor hyperreflexia and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia in suprasacral injuries and detrusor areflexia in sacral injuries. Based on clinical and laboratory examination results, The patient was diagnosed with cauda equina syndrome. Symptomatic measures were then given to the patient, which include codeine 3x10 mg, pregabalin 3x50mg, potassium chloride 2x25 mEq, ketorolac 3x10 mg, and ceftriaxone 1x2 g.

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Cauda equina syndrome

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Lumbar spinal stenosis

Lumbar spinal stenosis

Cauda equina syndrome—a practical guide to definition and classification

Cauda Equina Syndrome

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