Caudoventral abdominal lymphangiosarcoma in a cat treated with metronomic chemotherapy

Abstract

A 10‐year‐old, male neutered domestic shorthair cat was referred for reddish discolouration of its abdominal skin with serosanguineous discharge. The affected skin was bruised, nodular and had fluid‐filled cavities. It was painful on palpation. A final diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma was made by prospero‐related homeobox gene‐1 (PROX‐1) immunohistochemistry. Metronomic chemotherapy treatment was instaured with toceranib phosphate, chlorambucil and meloxicam. Partial remission was achieved at 18 days and stable disease was maintained for 36 days (survival time: 54 days). Afterward, the tumour began to regrow aggressively and the patient developed anorexia; owners elected for euthanasia. Total survival time achieved was 63 days. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report of feline caudoventral abdominal lymphangiosarcoma treated with metronomic chemotherapy.

Immunohistochemical Expression of CD31 (PECAM-1) in Nonendothelial Tumors of Dogs

“…CD31 monoclonal antibody, clone JC/70A, is currently used in a variety of animal species to evaluate the vascular bed in normal and pathological conditions, including endothelial neoplasms of blood and lymphatic vessels. 2,14,15,21,34,43 In the current study, CD31-positive specimens included normal organs (liver, kidney, lymph node), 6 of 6 hepatic nodular hyperplasia, 3 of 3 hepatic regenerative nodules, 1 of 4 anal sac apocrine carcinomas, 6 of 6 hemangiosarcomas, 18 of 20 hepatocellular carcinomas, 1 of 5 mammary carcinomas, 3 of 5 plasmacytomas, 18 of 53 renal cell carcinomas, and 1 of 5 cutaneous histiocytomas.…”

Multimodal treatment approach in a case of feline ventral abdominal angiosarcoma

“…To the authors' knowledge, no reports to date have been published describing the use of chemotherapy in feline ventral abdominal angiosarcoma. However, one published case in cats 9 reports a chemotherapeutic protocol of a case of feline lymphangiosarcoma using metronomic chemotherapy with a combination of toceranib, chlorambucil and meloxicam. Toceranib phosphate has been previously described in other feline carcinomas with a similar response to that reported in dogs; however, limited data on its efficacy against feline sarcomas are available.…”

“…The last two characteristics played a critical role in the diagnosis of angiosarcoma as opposed to haemangiosarcoma. On the occasions in which diagnosis is unclear, immunohistochemistry can be performed using Vimentin, CD31 and von Willebrand factor markers to differentiate angiosarcoma from haemangiosarcoma 2 9. Other vascular markers such as LYVE‐12 and PROX‐110 are able to determine whether the tumour arises from a blood vessel (angiosarcoma) or has a lymphatic origin (lymphangiosarcoma).…”

“…Overall, the prognosis of feline angiosarcoma is considered to be poor due to its rapid progression. Forty‐four feline angiosarcoma cases have previously been reported with survival times ranging from one to 11 months,2 9 10 32 although most patients were euthanased within two months of diagnosis due to postsurgical relapse. The present case describes a case of long‐term survival (13 months) after multimodal treatment.…”

Feline ventral abdominal wall angiosarcoma: haemangiosarcoma or lymphangiosarcoma? Clinical and pathological characteristics in nine cases

“…2 In cats, AS is rare; however, cutaneous and visceral locations are the most commonly reported primary sites. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Metastasis at the time of presentation appears uncommon but has been documented in the lungs, liver, spleen, myocardium, pericardium, diaphragm, omentum, mesentery, mediastinum and regional lymph nodes. [6][7][8][9] Within the feline AS population, a predilection for the subcutis of the caudal ventral abdominal wall is reported and this has subsequently been termed feline ventral abdominal wall angiosarcoma (FVAA).…”