Causal associations between dried fruit intake and cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study

Zeng, Youjie; Cao, Si; Yang, Heng

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1080252

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These components may have a significant effect on modulating CVD and diabetes risk ( 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 ). A recent MR study suggested that dried fruit intake reduces the risk of HF, total IS, and SVS, which further validates our findings ( 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Causal relationship of cereal intake and type with cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Liu,

Cai

2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundObservational studies have suggested that cereal consumption is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the potential causal relationship is not clear. We aimed to investigate the association of cereal intake and cereal type with CVD risk.MethodsTwo-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to confirm the causal association of cereal intake and cereal type with the risk of several common CVDs. Furthermore, two-step MR analysis was used to explore the mediating effect of cardiovascular metabolic factors, and multivariable MR analysis was used to assess the impact of socioeconomic status, such as education and income, on the causal association.ResultsThe MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted cereal intake is associated with reduced risk of large artery stroke (LAS) (odd ratio (OR): 0.421; 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.193, 0.918]; p = 0.030), and muesli as the primary cereal intake is associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) (OR: 0.100; 95% CI [0.023, 0.437]; p = 0.002), myocardial infarction (MI) (OR: 0.101; 95% CI [0.020, 0.509]; p = 0.005), heart failure (OR: 0.210; 95% CI [0.064, 0.684]; p = 0.010), ischemic stroke (IS) (OR: 0.130; 95% CI [0.029, 0.591]; p = 0.008), LAS (OR: 0.017; 95% CI [0.0004, 0.737]; p = 0.034), and small-vessel stroke (OR: 0.021; 95% CI [0.001, 0.708]; p = 0.005). In contrast, genetically predicted biscuits as the primary cereal intake increased the risk of CHD (OR: 6.557; 95% CI [1.197, 36.031]; p = 0.031), and other cereals, such as cornflakes, as the primary cereal intake increased the risk of CHD (OR: 3.803; 95% CI [1.194, 12.111]; p = 0.024), MI (OR: 4.240; 95% CI [1.185, 15.174]; p = 0.026), stroke (OR: 3.154; 95% CI [1.070, 9.298]; p = 0.037), and IS (OR: 3.736; 95% CI [1.185, 11.782]; p = 0.024). Multivariable MR analysis underscored the significant role of education and income in the causal association, and two-step MR analysis indicated that body mass index, lipids, and blood glucose exerted important mediating effects in the causal association.ConclusionThe findings of our study underscore the causal beneficial influence of muesli as the primary cereal intake on CVDs. A reasonable consumption of muesli may provide primary prevention of CVDs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Causal relationship of cereal intake and type with cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Liu,

Cai

2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…Dried fruits serve as nutrient-rich snacks, brimming with dietary ber, essential minerals, vitamins, and bioactive elements like avonoids and carotenoids. They offer notable health bene ts such as antioxidant, anti-in ammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, and anticancer properties [32][33][34][35]. These concentrated nutrients in dried fruits can play a signi cant role in combating oxidative stress and in ammation, two key factors in the development and exacerbation of various health conditions, including intracranial aneurysms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Dietary Factors on Intracranial Aneurysm Risk: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Ma,

Zong,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: While existing research has established a link between dietary habits and the incidence of intracranial aneurysms, the application of Mendelian randomization to explore this association remains largely uncharted. Methods: n our study, we analyzed a wide array of dietary factors using data from the IEU Open GWAS project, which included meat varieties (oily fish, pork, lamb/mutton, beef and poultry), vegetarian foods (both cooked and raw vegetables, along with fresh and dried fruits), cereal and the frequency of alcohol intake. We included pooled intracranial aneurysm GWAS data from a comprehensive dataset of 7,495 cases as well as 71,934 controls. In MR analysis, we employed multiple Mendelian randomization techniques such as weighted median, MR-Egger, and Inverse Variance Weighted methods and rigorously controlled the false discovery rates through the Bonferroni correction across ten dietary exposures. The study's robustness was further ensured by assessing heterogeneity and pleiotropy using Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger method, supplemented by leave-one-out and MR-PRESSO analyses, thus solidifying the validity of our findings. Results: Our analysis identified a significant association between cooked vegetables (OR: 2.296; 95% CI: 0.726 ~ 3.867; p = 0.0042) and an elevated risk of intracranial aneurysms. Besides, the initial analysis suggested a statistically significant association between the dried fruit (OR: 0.385; 95%CI: -1.842 ~ -0.067; p= 0.0350), frequency of alcohol intake (OR: 1.419; 95% CI: 0.039 ~ 0.661; p = 0.0276) and the risk of intracranial aneurysms. However, this significance was not sustained after applying the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, indicating a need for cautious interpretation despite the initially promising findings. No causal links were found between intracranial aneurysms and other dietary intakes investigated in this study. Conclusion: This study identified a clear causal link between cooked vegetable intake and an increased risk of intracranial aneurysm, while suggesting a potential connection between the frequency of alcohol intake and the elevated risk, although this association did not reach statistical significance after multiple testing corrections. Conversely, no significant associations were observed between the risk of intracranial aneurysm and the consumption of various meats, cheese, and other fruits and vegetables.

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“…Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the association between dried fruits and the risk of BE. Previous studies have suggested that dried fruit had a protective effect on various health-related outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal disorders 42,43 . A previous MR study has also demonstrated that dried fruit reduced the risk of various cancers such as lung cancer and pancreatic cancer, suggesting a beneficial effect of dried fruit in disease prevention 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and metabolic factors contributing to Barrett’s esophagus: a univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study

Zhuang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Dietary and metabolic factors have been associated with the risk of Barrett's esophagus (BE) in observational epidemiological studies. However, the aforementioned associations may be influenced by confounding bias. The present study aimed to evaluate these causal relationships through univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Genetic instruments associated with dietary and metabolic factors were obtained in the large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), respectively. Summary data for BE were available from a GWAS of 13,358 cases and 43,071 controls of European descent. Univariable MR analysis was initially performed to estimate the causal relationship between exposures and BE. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was adopted as the primary MR analysis. Multivariate MR analysis was further conducted to evaluate the independent effects of exposures on BE. Results: In univariate MR analysis, BE was causally associated with higher body mass index (odds ratio (OR) = 2.575, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.301-2.880, P = 7.369E-61), larger waist circumference (OR = 2.028, 95% CI: 1.648-2.496, P = 2.482E-11), and smoking per day (OR = 1.241, 95% CI: 1.085-1.419, P = 0.002). Dried fruit intake showed a protective effect on BE (OR = 0.228, 95% CI: 0.135-0.384, P = 2.783E-08), whereas alcohol drinking, coffee intake, tea intake, fresh fruit intake, and type 2 diabetes mellitus were not associated with BE (P = 0.351, P = 0.458, P = 0.125, P = 0.847, P = 0.413, respectively). No pleiotropy was found in the sensitivity analysis. The relationships of obesity, smoking, and dried fruit intake with BE risk remained strong after adjustment. Conclusions: Our study provided MR evidence supporting obesity and smoking were independent risk factors for BE. Conversely, dried fruit intake was a protective factor for BE.

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Causal associations between dried fruit intake and cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Causal relationship of cereal intake and type with cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Causal relationship of cereal intake and type with cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Exploring the Impact of Dietary Factors on Intracranial Aneurysm Risk: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Dietary and metabolic factors contributing to Barrett’s esophagus: a univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study

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