Causes and clinical manifestations of ocular trauma

Elsayed, E. M.; Saleh, Sameh; Sabry, Dalia; Hassan, Adel M.

doi:10.4103/djo.djo_62_18

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…[41] The functional toll of this collateral tissue damage is clearly evidenced in inflammatory diseases of the ocular surface, where corneal opacification results in loss of vision. [42,43] Previous work by our laboratory [6,24] and others [44] has demonstrated that mast cells are implicated in early neutrophil recruitment, yet the mechanisms that govern mast cell activation and its subsequent neutrophil recruitment following tissue injury have not been defined. Here, using a murine model of corneal injury, we show that: (i) injuryinduced mast cell activation is associated with both heightened levels of the neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine CXCL2 and increased neutrophil frequencies; (ii) epitheliumderived IL-33 stimulates mast cells to secrete higher levels of CXCL2 following injury; and (iii) in vivo blockade of IL-33 abrogates mast cell activation and neutrophil infiltration at early time points following injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelium-derived IL-33 activates mast cells to initiate neutrophil recruitment following corneal injury

et al. 2020

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Purpose: Neutrophils play a critical role in defending against threats such as microbial infection, yet their activation during innate immune response incites collateral damage to healthy tissues. We have previously shown that corneal injury induces mast cells to express the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL2. Here we delineate the mechanism of injury-induced, non-IgE-mediated mast cell activation at the ocular surface.Methods: Corneal injury was induced by mechanical removal of the epithelium and anterior stroma in mast cell deficient (cKit W-sh ) and C57BL/6 mice using Algerbrush II. Corneas were analyzed for frequencies of total CD45 + inflammatory cells, CD11b + Ly6G + neutrophils, and cKit + FcεR1 + mast cells using flow cytometry. Mast cells were stimulated with different inflammatory factors known to increase during corneal injury (IL-33, IL-1β, IL-36γ, IL-6, SDF1α and Substance P) and assessed for the secretion of β-hexosaminidase, tryptase and CXCL2 using ELISA. IL-33 neutralizing antibody (1 mg/ml) was administered locally for mast cell inhibition in vivo.Results: Mast cell deficient mice failed to recruit early neutrophils to the injured corneas. IL-33 stimulation upregulated CXCL2 secretion by mast cells. Corneal injury resulted in amplified expression of IL-33 at the cornea and epithelium was identified as its primary source. Topical neutralization of IL-33 at the ocular surface inhibited mast cell activation, limited neutrophil infiltration and reduced corneal inflammatory haze, normalizing tissue architecture following ocular injury.Conclusions: These data implicate IL-33 in mast cell activation and early neutrophil recruitment in non-allergic inflammation, suggesting IL-33 as a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory disorders of the ocular surface.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelium-derived IL-33 activates mast cells to initiate neutrophil recruitment following corneal injury

et al. 2020

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“…However, accidents with vehicles, sports, burns, fists (mostly in adults), splashing of glue into the eyes, direct contact with sharp objects such as knives, pencils, needles, and sharp toys, throwing foreign body, small metal and non-metallic eye injuries, falls, and other penetrating traumas are the most common causes of eye injuries. [ 3 4 5 6 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Operated Patients with Ocular Trauma: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

Ostadian

Farrahi

Zolfaghari

et al. 2023

Advanced Biomedical Research

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Background: Ocular trauma is one of the most common causes of hospitalization in patients with ocular injuries. It imposes many direct and indirect physical and psychological costs on the patient and the community. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional and retrospective study includes all patients with ocular trauma who underwent surgery in the referral center's ophthalmic operating room for 10 years. A checklist was completed for each patient, including demographic information and the variables required for the study. A total of 927 patients who underwent eye surgery due to ocular trauma were eligible for the study. All descriptive data were reported as the mean plus standard deviation for quantitative variables and distribution tables and frequency percentage for qualitative variables. Inferential tests such as independent t-test and Chi-square test were used to evaluate the research questions. Results: This study showed that most ocular traumas occur at a young age and mostly in males. The types of trauma in the studied eyes were divided into penetrating and non-penetrating in different age groups. The results showed that the most common type of surgery was corneal laceration repair, and in all patients, visual acuity improved significantly after surgery. In this study, a total of 81% of patients underwent only one operation. Conclusions: Training and caring for children and adolescents about high-risk behaviors and educating industry professionals to wear goggles, and increase workplace safety can reduce these types of trauma.

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Hepatocyte growth factor upregulates MMP1 and MMP10 expression and resolves corneal fibrosis

Lee,

Elbasiony,

Cho

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Different therapeutic modalities, including steroids, have been used to treat corneal scarring. However, the ability of steroids to reduce corneal scarring is limited and associated with numerous side effects. Our previous studies have demonstrated that topical hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) after corneal injury suppresses the development of stromal scars. Here, we investigated whether HGF can re-establish corneal clarity and normalize tissue structure in corneas with pre-existing scars. Corneal scarring was induced by mechanically removing the corneal epithelium and the anterior third of the stroma using a hand-held Algerbrush II in C57BL/6 mice. Substantial scar tissue formed by day 10 post-injury, at which time the epithelium was debrided and treated with 0.1% recombinant mouse HGF, 0.1% dexamethasone (steroid) or 0.1% control protein thrice a day for 10 days. Corneal clarity was significantly restored in the HGF treatment group, compared to both the steroid and control protein treatment groups. Moreover, HGF treatment downregulated the expression of αSMA and upregulated the expression of extracellular matrix-remodeling matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 10 (MMP1 and MMP10), suggesting HGF upregulates tissue remodeling molecule MMP1 and 10 to promote tissue restoration. These findings offer novel insights into the mechanisms by which HGF re-establishes corneal clarity, and promotes epithelial regeneration in corneas with pre-existing stromal scarring.

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Causes and clinical manifestations of ocular trauma

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Epithelium-derived IL-33 activates mast cells to initiate neutrophil recruitment following corneal injury

Epithelium-derived IL-33 activates mast cells to initiate neutrophil recruitment following corneal injury

Analysis of Operated Patients with Ocular Trauma: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

Hepatocyte growth factor upregulates MMP1 and MMP10 expression and resolves corneal fibrosis

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