Causes and Flock Level Risk Factors of Sheep and Goat Abortion in Three Agroecology Zones in Ethiopia

Alemayehu, Gezahegn; Mamo, Gezahegne; Alemu, Biruk; Desta, Hiwot; Tadesse, Biniam; Benti, Teferi; Bahiru, Adane; Yimana, Muhabaw; Wieland, Barbara

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.615310

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Abu-Dalbouh et al [6] reported that the overall prevalence (%) of T. gondii was 41.8% for aborted goats from Jordan. The variation in prevalence is due to variations in health management, feeding and watering systems, nutrition regimens for pregnant animals, biosecurity systems, geographical locations, season, weather, carrier intensification, parasitic genomic diversity, and genetic marker polymorphisms significantly influence the percentage of abortion [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that is responsible for the major cause of congenital diseases, abortion, and stillbirth in humans and farm animals. Primary infection in pregnant goats due to T. gondii leads to abortion and significant economic losses in the livestock industry. Moreover, very few studies have been performed for the identification of T. gondii from aborted fetuses of goats. The study was conducted for the molecular identification of Toxoplasma gondii from aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Twenty aborted fetuses of goats were collected from 52 farms in the study area. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the B1 gene was performed, and a positive sample yield of 197 bp amplified DNA products consistent with T. gondii. Results: The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in the aborted fetus of goats was 35.0%. Heart muscle, liver, brain, and placenta showed positive PCR results. The risk factors related to the does age, presence of cats in farms, and aborted fetus age were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Our results showed that T. gondii is a major possible causal factor for abortion and reproductive failure in goats. The high prevalence of T. gondii infection in aborted fetuses of goats revealed that T. gondii could be imperative in causing reproductive failure in goats. Conclusion: Active or congenital toxoplasmosis was shown by the presence of T. gondii in fetal tissues, which is a matter of concern as this parasite has zoonotic significance and causes economic hazards to the livestock industry by causing various reproductive problems. Therefore, proper control measures and strategies are needed to reduce the rate of abortion in goats, ultimately saving the livestock industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh

et al. 2021

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“…In sheep, abortions can be caused by viral [1,2] bacterial [3,4] or parasitic [5,6,7] factors, as well as diet deficiencies [8], poisoning [9] and extreme weather conditions [10]. Furthermore, in addition to the significant economic losses [11], any deaths caused by zoonotic pathogens can also pose a risk to breeders, animal keepers or veterinarians [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current state of knowledge regarding bacterially-induced abortion in sheep

Didkowska¹,

Żmuda²,

Liberska³

et al. 2022

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and Objective. Abortion can occur in sheep, among others, in response to bacterial infection. The present article reviews the latest reports on the various economic and health consequences for the herd, other animals and humans. Review methods. Two independent reviewers searched in PubMed and Google scholar (any date to September 2021) for studies concerning bacterial abortion in sheep. Keywords for the search strategy were: bacteria, sheep, and abortion. Papers were reviewed for scientific merit and relevance as well as for current information. Brief description of the state of knowledge. In the reviewed literature, much attention was paid to infections by Brucella spp., Campylobacter spp., Coxiella burnetti, Listeria spp., and Salmonella spp. As the presence of these bacteria varies according to region, any differential diagnosis should consider the most common pathogens in a given area. It also should be noted that most of the described pathogens have zoonotic potential and, as such, it is extremely important to observe safety rules when assisting in delivering births and when dealing with stillbirths. Conclusions. Identification of the etiological agent seems to be a key factor in the management of abortions, especially in flocks where their numbers appear to be increasing; this is needed to manage and control disease in the flock, and to protect humans and other animal species on the farm. Most studies use molecular methods as diagnostic tools, mainly PCR, and use both foetuses and placenta as research material.

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“…In Africa, inferences about the potential role and relative importance of abortigenic agents are often made from serological studies of livestock (Alemayehu et al, 2021;Okumu, John, Wabacha, Tsuma, & VanLeeuwen, 2019;Tolosa, Bezabih, & Regassa, 2010). This is due to a number of factors including a lack of national-level surveillance for syndromes such as abortions in livestock; restricted access to veterinary care for many subsistence farmers, who are therefore unable to investigate individual abortion events; and limitations in diagnostic laboratory capacity (e.g., little to no access to histopathology services or molecular diagnostic tests that could help to generate data on different aetiologies of abortion).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective cohort study reveals unexpected aetiologies of livestock abortion in northern Tanzania

Thomas

Kibona²,

Claxton

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Livestock abortion is an important cause of productivity losses worldwide and many infectious causes of abortion are zoonotic pathogens that impact on human health. Little is known about the relative importance of infectious causes of livestock abortion in Africa, including in subsistence farming communities that are critically dependent on livestock for food, income, and wellbeing. We conducted a prospective cohort study of livestock abortion, supported by cross-sectional serosurveillance, to determine aetiologies of livestock abortions in livestock in Tanzania. This approach generated several important findings including detection of a Rift Valley fever virus outbreak in cattle; high prevalence of C. burnetii infection in livestock; and the first report of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, and pestiviruses associated with livestock abortion in Tanzania. Our approach provides a model for abortion surveillance in resource-limited settings. Our findings add substantially to current knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, providing important evidence from which to prioritise disease interventions.

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Causes and Flock Level Risk Factors of Sheep and Goat Abortion in Three Agroecology Zones in Ethiopia

Cited by 43 publications

References 50 publications

Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh

Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in aborted fetuses of goats in Chattogram, Bangladesh

Current state of knowledge regarding bacterially-induced abortion in sheep

Prospective cohort study reveals unexpected aetiologies of livestock abortion in northern Tanzania

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