Causes, management and complications of ascites: a review

Tasneem, Hirra; Shahbaz, Huda; Sherazi, Bushra Ali

doi:10.3329/icpj.v4i3.21936

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Malignant ascites results when there is an imbalance in the secretion of proteins and cells into the peritoneal cavity and absorption of fluids via the lymphatic system [27]. Ascites is composed of both tumor cells and stromal cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascitic Fluid Cytokines in Chronic Liver Disease: A Possible Prognostic Tool

Atta

Kamel

Mansour

et al. 2021

Dig Dis

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Introduction: Malignant ascites results from imbalance between protein in the peritoneal cavity and absorption of fluids via the lymphatic system. More than twenty interleukins are known to play an important role in the protection against tumors. Materials and methods: Ascitic fluid IL1B, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, TNFα, and IFNγ levels were assessed in forty-five patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites as judged by histopathological and ultra-sonographic findings. They were divided into two groups according to presence of hepatic focal lesions. Ten patients with focal hepatic lesions were randomly selected and subjected to analysis of serum levels of IL2 and IL10. Results: Ascitic fluid IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma than patients with cirrhosis. TNFα, and IFNγ were also found to be higher in hepatocellular carcinoma than patients with cirrhosis but with no significance. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in levels of IL1B and IL2 between the two groups. Ascitic fluid IL2 and IL10 levels were found to be higher in ascitic fluid than in serum of the same patients. Conclusion: Ascitic fluid levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 are higher in hepatocellular carcinoma patients than patients with cirrhosis alone. Levels of ascitic fluid IL2 and IL10 were proved to be a better prognostic tool than their levels in sera of the same patients. To conclude; patients with cirrhosis may be subjected to schedualed examination of ascitic fluid cytokine to predect transformation into hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascitic Fluid Cytokines in Chronic Liver Disease: A Possible Prognostic Tool

Atta

Kamel

Mansour

et al. 2021

Dig Dis

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“…Ascites, defined as a pathological accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, is the most common complication of patients with cirrhosis . About 50%‐60% of patients with compensated cirrhosis develop ascites within 10 years, due to progressive portal hypertension .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ascites is the most common reason for hospital admission and leads to high healthcare costs . Therefore, the development of ascites should trigger the evaluation for liver transplantation since liver transplantation significantly improves patients’ survival at this stage of cirrhosis . Treatment of ascites alone has not resulted in significant improvements in survival; however, treating ascites is important because it improves the quality of life of cirrhotic patients and the occurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is very unlikely in patients without ascites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Therefore, the development of ascites should trigger the evaluation for liver transplantation since liver transplantation significantly improves patients' survival at this stage of cirrhosis. 2,10 Treatment of ascites alone has not resulted in significant improvements in survival; however, treating ascites is important because it improves the quality of life of cirrhotic patients and the occurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is very unlikely in patients without ascites. Besides the abovementioned negative sequelae of ascites, the presence of ascites can also cause abdominal fullness, early satiation, reduced mobility and discomfort which can influence the food intake and is likely to increase nutritional deficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To salt or not to salt?—That is the question in cirrhosis

Zollner

Fickert

et al. 2018

Liver International

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Ascites is the most common complication of patients with cirrhosis, resulting from portal hypertension and vasodilatation. It is associated with an increased risk for the development of hyponatraemia and renal failure and has a high mortality rate of 20% per year. The development of ascites represents a baleful sign in the course of disease in cirrhosis. To prevent complications of cirrhosis and improve quality of life, an effective management of ascites is pivotal. Combined salt restriction and diuretic therapy is recommended as first-line therapy in numerous clinical practice guidelines. In contrast, there has been a debate on whether a strict salt-restricted diet for cirrhosis patients should be used at all since salt restriction may increase the risk for malnutrition which in turn may negatively impact on quality of life and survival. This review aims to summarize the current pros and cons regarding salt restriction in patients with cirrhosis and proposes the importance of achieving a sodium balance throughout different stages of cirrhosis.

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“…When the diagnosis has been made, the treatment is sometime not available or even inefficient due to the severity of the pathology. The etiologies are multiple and dominated by the hepatomegalies observed in 85% of the cases [5]. The others etiologies are related to heart diseases, to kidney pathologies or to the peritoneal tuberculosis [6] [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Aspects of Ascites in the Medicine Department at the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou

Dovonou¹,

Alassani²,

Saké³

et al. 2017

OJIM

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Goals: The study has been initiated in order to describe the epidemiological, clinical and etiological aspect of the ascites. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study on the patients with an ascite and followed at the medicine department of Borgou departmental teaching hospital. Results: A total of 190 patients have presented an ascite or a hospital prevalence at 3.93%. A male predominance has been observed with a sex-ratio at 1.7. The average age was 39.7 ± 13.9 years. The reason for consultation is dominated by the increase of the abdominal volume (69.5%). The ascite fluid is macroscopically yellow citrine. The cirrhosis (28.5%) and the heart diseases (18.6%) were the most encountered causes of the ascites. Conclusion: The etiologies of ascites are various and dominated by the hepatic cirrhosis and the heart diseases.

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Causes, management and complications of ascites: a review

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Ascitic Fluid Cytokines in Chronic Liver Disease: A Possible Prognostic Tool

Ascitic Fluid Cytokines in Chronic Liver Disease: A Possible Prognostic Tool

To salt or not to salt?—That is the question in cirrhosis

Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Aspects of Ascites in the Medicine Department at the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou

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