Causes of 2022 summer marine heatwave in the East China Seas

Tan, Hong-Jian; Cai, Rong-Shuo; Bai, Dong-Ping; Hilmi, Karim; Tonbol, Kareem

doi:10.1016/j.accre.2023.08.010

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Section 3.1 denotes an inclination for intense MHW events in the SYS, with a consistent upward trend in intensity from 1982 to 2022 (Figures 5, 7). Indeed, a recent surge in extreme MHW events in the SYS has been reported (Gao et al, 2020;Yan et al, 2020;, Li et al, 2023Tan et al, 2023;Oh et al, 2023a). To delve deeper into the extreme MHW events in the SYS, we treated the SYS collectively and detected MHW events during summer.…”

Section: Classification and Statistics Of Mhw Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in recent years, more extreme MHW events during summer have become increasingly common (Tan and Cai, 2018;Wang et al, 2019;Li et al, 2023;Tan et al, 2023;Oh et al, 2023a), exerting significant impacts on the ecosystems and fisheries in the ECMS. This study utilized OISST satellite data and OFES model data to examine the long-term trends of summer MHWs in the ECMS and to explore the underlying contributing factors of the Extreme MHW events in 2016 and 2018.…”

Section: Figure 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They suggested that the intensification of incidents is a consequence of a robust subsidence motion that ensued from the northward migration of the western Pacific subtropical high and the northeastward enlargement of the South Asian high. Further, Tan et al (2023) and Oh et al (2023a) revealed a record-setting event in the SYS and ECS during the summer of 2022 that spanned 62 days, a duration six times longer than average. This elongated occurrence was instigated by a surge in the outflow from the Yangtze-Huai River floods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, heightened focus has emerged on exploring the physical dynamics behind the frequent occurrence of extreme MHW events in the ECMS during summer (Gao et al, 2020;Lee et al, 2020;Yan et al, 2020;, Li et al, 2023Tan et al, 2023;Oh et al, 2023a). Studies indicate that extreme events in the ECMS are largely driven by anomalous atmospheric conditions and oceanic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term trends and extreme events of marine heatwaves in the Eastern China Marginal Seas during summer

Xu,

Yan,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are a type of widespread, persistent, and extreme marine warming event that can cause serious harm to the global marine ecology and economy. This study provides a systematic analysis of the long-term trends of MHWs in the Eastern China Marginal Seas (ECMS) during summer spanning from 1982 to 2022, and occurrence mechanisms of extreme MHW events. The findings show that in the context of global warming, the frequency of summer MHWs in the ECMS has increased across most regions, with a higher rate along the coast of China. Areas exhibiting a rapid surge in duration predominantly reside in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and southern East China Sea (ECS, south of 28°N). In contrast, the long-term trends of mean and maximum intensities exhibit both increases and decreases: Rising trends primarily occur in the Bohai Sea (BS) and Yellow Sea (YS), whereas descending trends are detected in the northern ECS (north of 28°N). Influenced jointly by duration and mean intensity, cumulative intensity (CumInt) exhibits a notable positive growth off the Yangtze River Estuary, in the SYS and southern ECS. By employing the empirical orthogonal function, the spatio-temporal features of the first two modes of CumInt and their correlation with summer mean sea surface temperature (SST) and SST variance are further examined. The first mode of CumInt displays a positive anomalous pattern throughout the ECMS, with notable upward trend in the corresponding time series, and the rising trend is primarily influenced by summer mean SST warming. Moreover, both of the first two modes show notable interannual variability. Extreme MHW events in the SYS in 2016 and 2018 are examined using the mixed layer temperature equation. The results suggest that these extreme MHW events originate primarily from anomalous atmospheric forcing and oceanic vertical mixing. These processes involve an anomalous high-pressure system over the SYS splitting from the western Pacific subtropical high, augmented atmospheric stability, diminished wind speeds, intensified solar radiation, and reduced oceanic mixing, thereby leading to the accumulation of more heat near the sea surface and forming extreme MHW events.

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Section: Classification and Statistics Of Mhw Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term trends and extreme events of marine heatwaves in the Eastern China Marginal Seas during summer

Xu,

Yan,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Our previous study indicated that the ECS experienced increasing CO 2 absorption during the period of 2003-2019 under the influences of thermodynamic effects and multiple mixing processes [18]. In the summer of 2022, a mega-drought that was unprecedented in the past 120-400 years hit nearly 80% of the Changjiang River basin [19]; this was combined with an extreme MHW event reaching a maximum warming intensity of over 2 • C in the adjacent ECS [20]. Because these extreme climatic events can change thermodynamic and mixing processes, in this study, we aimed to further reveal their impacts on CO 2 absorption in the ECS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO2 Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022

Yu,

Wang,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Against the background of climate warming, marine heatwaves (MHWs) and terrestrial drought events have become increasingly frequent in recent decades. However, the combined effects of MHWs and terrestrial drought on CO2 uptake in marginal seas are still unclear. The East China Sea (ECS) experienced an intense and long-lasting MHW accompanied by an extreme terrestrial drought in the Changjiang basin in the summer of 2022. In this study, we employed multi-source satellite remote sensing products to reveal the patterns, magnitude, and potential drivers of CO2 flux changes in the ECS resulting from the compounding MHW and terrestrial drought extremes. The CO2 uptake of the ECS reduced by 17.0% (1.06 Tg C) in the latter half of 2022 and the Changjiang River plume region shifted from a CO2 sink to a source (releasing 0.11 Tg C) in July-September. In the majority of the ECS, the positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly during the MHW diminished the solubility of CO2 in seawater, thereby reducing CO2 uptake. Moreover, the reduction in nutrient input associated with terrestrial drought, which is unfavorable to phytoplankton growth, further reduced the capacity of CO2 uptake. Meanwhile, the CO2 sink doubled for the offshore waters of the ECS continental shelf in July-September 2022, indicating the complexity and heterogeneity of the impacts of extreme climatic events in marginal seas. This study is of great significance in improving the estimation results of CO2 fluxes in marginal seas and understanding sea–air CO2 exchanges against the background of global climate change.

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The 2022 summer heat wave over China: An analysis of the severity and dominance from the frequency and intensity of high temperature

Liu,

Yuan,

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Summer high temperature is an important climate issue. Severe heat waves occurred over China during summer 2022. Using daily temperature, we examine the severity of the 2022 high‐temperature event, and explore the dominance of summer cumulative temperature from the frequency and intensity of high temperature, for both the interannual variation of the 63 years (1960–2022) and the year of 2022. Corresponding to different “high” temperature thresholds, the frequency (number of the days) of high temperature, the summer cumulative temperature, and the intensity of high temperature are obtained for each summer with the daily data. Statistical tests show that cumulative temperature can be linearly regressed to frequency and intensity, which can help find the dominance from the two factors. For interannual variation, the comparison of the normalized regression coefficients suggests that, in the variation of cumulative temperature, the relative importance can vary from “dominated by intensity”, which corresponds to low temperature threshold (28°C), to “dominated by frequency”, which corresponds to high threshold (36°C). For the year 2022, we compare the two terms in the regression, which uses the coefficients from multi‐year regression along with the normalized frequency and intensity of this year, to determine the relative importance. Results show that overall it also varies from “dominated by intensity” to “dominated by frequency”, with the increase in threshold. Note that, for the two cases, these are the overall situation for the whole country; however, for each specific station, whether frequency or intensity dominates needs to be determined with the measures. A moderate threshold of 32°C, which considers both frequency and intensity, is suggested for practical applications.

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Causes of 2022 summer marine heatwave in the East China Seas

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Long-term trends and extreme events of marine heatwaves in the Eastern China Marginal Seas during summer

Long-term trends and extreme events of marine heatwaves in the Eastern China Marginal Seas during summer

Marine Heatwave and Terrestrial Drought Reduced CO2 Uptake in the East China Sea in 2022

The 2022 summer heat wave over China: An analysis of the severity and dominance from the frequency and intensity of high temperature

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