Causes of Business-to-Government Corruption in the Tendering Process in China

Zhang, Bing; Le, Yun; Xia, Bo; Skitmore, Martin

doi:10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000479

Cited by 96 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Through unethical practices, financial resources allocated for infrastructure development are often frittered away, leading to increased construction costs resulting from inefficiency (Al-sweity 2013). In European countries, tendering corruption costs up to 20% of the project price, while it costs up to 33% in Japan (Zhang, Yun & Skitmore 2017). Similar estimates of the cost of corruption are not generally known to exist for Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It was considered that the bias introduced into the study by this approach would be substantially outweighed by the benefits of increasing the coverage of the study. Because studies of this nature are susceptible to social desirability bias, especially when one is dealing with the public sector (King & Bruner 2000;Zhang et al 2017), Gordon's (1987) suggestions on reducing the bias were adopted in the study questionnaires. Thus, the confidentiality and importance of the information to be provided were stressed to the respondents.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels in Nigeria

Ogbu¹,

Asuquo

2018

APSDPR

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Nigeria has recently renewed efforts towards stamping out corruption in every area of its national life. Given that construction procurement is particularly prone to corrupt practices, this study investigated the prevalence of unethical tendering practices in the Nigerian public sector. In particular, a comparison to bare the similarities or differences in the prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels is scarcely available in literature. This study’s objective was to determine and compare the prevalence of unethical tendering practices at the national and subnational levels in Nigeria. The data analysis was based on 120 acceptably filled questionnaires obtained from contractor, client and consultant organisations previously involved in public sector projects. The unethical tendering practices were analysed using prevalence indices and Mann–Whitney U tests. Findings include that the three most prevalent unethical tendering practices are contractor-based, namely: (1) competitors offer bribes to gain access to confidential tendering information (C1); (2) competitors overstate their capacity, experience and qualifications to secure construction contracts (C2); (3) the same owner(s) use different firms to tender for the same project (C3), in descending order of prevalence. No significant difference exists between unethical tendering practices in federal and state government projects. The findings of the study will help the Nigerian government and other stakeholders to better understand unethical practices at the tender stage of construction procurement in the public sector and to evolve better strategies for dealing with them. The study contributes to existing knowledge by separately identifying the prevalent unethical tendering practices in the Nigerian context and comparing unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels within a country

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels in Nigeria

Ogbu¹,

Asuquo

2018

APSDPR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Afterwards, factor analysis (FA) was used to factorize large number of variables into significantly fewer constructs (Pallant, 2011;Zhang, Le, Xia, & Skitmore, 2016). In FA, there are two key stages: factor rotation and factor extraction.…”

Section: Mean Index and Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other significant tests ingrained in FA to check the appropriateness of the data are Bartlett's test of sphericity and the Kaiser Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test (Field, 2005;. Zhang et al (2016) indicates that any KMO value above the threshold point 0.5 is considered satisfactory for FA to proceed. The KMO value generated for the barriers' dataset was 0.714, indicating an acceptable value.…”

Section: Mean Index and Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Procurement Irregularities in the Supply-Chain of Ghanaian Construction Projects: A Soft-Computing Approach

Owusu

Chan

Hosseini

et al. 2020

Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

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This study examines procurement irregularities, as one of the most unexplored threats in the procurement process of construction projects. It also tests the suppositions associated with the contributions of irregularities to corruption in construction procurement. An expert survey is conducted with 62 construction-related practitioners selected via non-probabilistic sampling in the context of a Ghana, to assess the criticalities of the irregularities. Eighteen irregularities were identified within the context selected for this study. A soft computing technique known as the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation (FSE) method is employed to examine the identified irregularities. Other relevant techniques including factor analyses, normalization, and descriptive tools are employed to factorize the identified irregularities and test the hypotheses. Out of the 18 irregularities, 11 were revealed to be critical. The findings reveal that the top three irregularities were: payments for uncompleted works, sourcing of proforma invoices from the same supplier and the lack of proper coordination among key departments. Moreover, four constructs were developed using the identified measurement items. They are administrative-specific, procedural, compliance and contract monitoring irregularities. Out of the four, the topmost critical construct turns out to be compliance irregularities. Theoretically, this study advances the scholarship of construction by shedding lights on the irregularities associated with the procurement processes of construction projects. It also contributes to an in-depth understanding of the noted irregularities. In practical terms, this study contributes to the procurement planning and policy-making process, it assists decision makers in putting in place measures to prevent or extirpate the likelihood of any of the irregularities’ occurrences.

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“…Nevertheless the supervision is still not mature. It more concentrate on the legality and compliance of procedures, and the monitoring of effect is usually ignored [9,10]. Moreover the supervision is almost after-the-event supervision rarely is prior supervision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bidding Audit Method Based on Big Data

Wei

Yang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2018

Advances in Intelligent Systems Research

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With the issue of a series of important laws and regulations, the police level for violation prevention of bidding has been more and more mature. However, due to lacking effective technologies, supervision of concrete flow has become the weakness of the whole system. To perfect bidding system and enhance prior supervision, based on data analysis of bidding, this paper proposes four audit solutions which can promote early warning control on potential risks and avoid the launching of unregulated project.

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Causes of Business-to-Government Corruption in the Tendering Process in China

Cited by 96 publications

References 68 publications

A comparison of prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels in Nigeria

A comparison of prevalence of unethical tendering practices at national and subnational levels in Nigeria

Assessing Procurement Irregularities in the Supply-Chain of Ghanaian Construction Projects: A Soft-Computing Approach

The Bidding Audit Method Based on Big Data

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