Causes of smoking relapse in the 12 months after smoking cessation treatment: Affective and cigarette dependence–related factors

Rodríguez‐Cano, Rubén; López‐Durán, Ana; Martínez-Vispo, Carmela; Becoña, Elisardo

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106903

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The relapse rate is greater among young people than among older people, as indicated in this study and others [57,72,73]. One study indicated that age was a significant predictor of smoking cessation [59].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study

Zainel,

Al Mujalli,

Yfakhroo

et al. 2024

Discov Public Health

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Background Tobacco dependence is a chronic disease that often requires repeated interventions and multiple attempts to quit. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of mortality. Globally, an estimated 1.3 billion people smoke. In Qatar, Smoking cessation services (SCSs) are provided free of charge to citizens and at a minimal cost to non-citizens. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of the smoking cessation program adopted by the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) of Qatar. This was achieved through calculating the percentage of smoking cessation service users (survival probabilities) who maintained the non-smoking status after selected follow up periods. Moreover, the study highlighted the possible association of selected explanatory variables with smoking cessation survival probabilities. Methods In this historical cohort study 490 participants were recruited by simple random sampling who attended the smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) in PHCC prior to 30/06/2021. The participants were contacted by phone and invited to participate in the study. The participants who agreed to participate in the study were interviewed utilizing a structured questionnaire. Results Initially 311 (63.5%) of the participants quitted smoking after receiving SCSs. There were statistically significant differences between quitting smoking and the nationality and the educational level of participants (p ≤ 0.001 and 0.02 respectively). About one fourth (23.3%) of individuals who initially quitted smoking relapsed and resumed smoking as early as 6 months after completing their SCC visits. This relapse rate increased to 38.7, 47.2 and 51.1% after 12, 24 and 36 months respectively. Less than a half (45.8%) maintained the non-smoking status after 42 months from their initially quitting. Conclusion and recommendations The findings of the study substantiate the effectiveness of SCSs designed within PHCC both in short- and long-term basis. Younger individuals, smokers with Arab ethnicity, smokers falling within high income and education groups were identified as high-risk groups and need highest focus. The accessibility to the service among the local population can be increased by upscaling the advertisement of the existing services.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…A longer duration of smoking abstinence was associated with a lower education level in a study from China [73]. A higher education level was associated with greater smoking relapse in another study [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study

Zainel,

Al Mujalli,

Yfakhroo

et al. 2024

Discov Public Health

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show abstract

“…Relapse rate is higher among young people compared to older as indicated in this study and others (57,72,73). A study indicated that age was a signi cant predictor of smoking cessation (59).…”

Section: -The Relation Between Smoking Cessation Initiation and Speci...supporting

confidence: 68%

Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study

Zainel,

Mujalli,

Yfakhroo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Tobacco dependence is a chronic disease that often requires repeated interventions and multiple attempts to quit. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of mortality. Globally, an estimated 1.3 billion people smoke. In Qatar, Smoking cessation services (SCSs) are provided free of charge to citizens and at a minimal cost to non-citizens. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of the smoking cessation program adopted by the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) of Qatar. This was achieved through calculating the percentage of smoking cessation service users (survival probabilities) who maintained the non-smoking status after selected follow up periods. Moreover, the study highlightedthe possible association of selected explanatory variables with smoking cessation survival probabilities. Methods In this historical cohort study 490 participants were recruited by simple random sampling who attended the smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) in PHCC prior to 30/06/2021. The participants were contacted by phone and invited to participate in the study. The participants who agreed to participate in the study were interviewed utilizing a structured questionnaire. Results Initially 311 (63.5%) of the participants quitted smoking after receiving SCSs. There were statistically significant differences between quitting smoking and the nationality and the educational level of participants (p= <0.001 and 0.02 respectively). About one fourth (23.3%) of individuals who initially quitted smoking relapsed and resumed smoking as early as 6 months after completing their SCC visits. This relapse rate increased to 38.7, 47.2 and 51.1% after 12, 24 and 36 months respectively. Less than a half (45.8%) maintained the non-smoking status after 42 months from their initially quitting. Conclusion and recommendations The findings of the study substantiate the effectiveness of SCSs designed within PHCC both in short- and long-term basis. Younger individuals, smokers with Arab ethnicity, smokers falling within high income and education groups were identified as high-risk groups and need highest focus. The accessibility to the service among the local population can be increased by upscaling the advertisement of the existing services.

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“…8 Previous research has shed light on various factors that influence the likelihood of a smoker returning to tobacco use after attempting to quit and these factors encompass a wide range of emotional, psychological, and social dimensions. 8 Notably, the incidence of smoking relapse has been closely associated with the experience of intense emotions, whether positive or negative, as well as the cravings for cigarettes. This suggests that emotional states play a pivotal role in the cessation journey, underscoring the need for interventions that address emotional regulation and support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, individual characteristics, such as gender, level of education, absence of psychopharmaceutic prescriptions, age at the initiation of smoking, and motivation levels have been identified as key influencers of relapse risk in these contexts. 8 Moreover, the living situation of individuals, particularly those in single-person households, along with beliefs about smoking’s role in stress reduction, and the experience of high emotional stress, have been found to predispose individuals to relapse. 9 On the other hand, factors like quitting smoking before the age of 60 and certain affiliations have been associated with a lower risk of relapse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Risk Score to Predict Short-term Smoking Relapse Following an Inpatient Smoking Cessation Intervention

Shin,

Park,

Lee

et al. 2024

Asia Pac J Public Health

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This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting smoking relapse and to develop predictive models among Korean national 5-day smoking cessation program participants. The subjects were 518 smokers and follow-up was continued for 6 months after discharge. A predictive logistic model and risk score were developed from the multivariate logistic models and compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve [AUC]). The smoking relapse rate within 6 months after program participation was 38.4%. The AUCs of the logistic regression model and risk score model were similar (odds ratio [OR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.64, 0.75]; 0.69, 95% CI [0.63, 0.74], respectively) in the development data set, and those of the risk score model were similar between the development and validation data sets (OR = 0.68, 95% CI [0.59, 0.77]). The risk score used by the six risk factors could predict smoking relapse among participants who attended a 5-day inpatient smoking cessation program.

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Causes of smoking relapse in the 12 months after smoking cessation treatment: Affective and cigarette dependence–related factors

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study

Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study

Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study

Development of a Risk Score to Predict Short-term Smoking Relapse Following an Inpatient Smoking Cessation Intervention

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