Causes of Visiting Adolescent Girls in Gynaecology Opd and Their Awareness of Reproductive Health Problems

Abstract

Background:-Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood. As per the World health organization (WHO), adolescence includes the age group of 10-19 years. Adolescents constitute 20.0% of our total population and represent almost one-fth of the world's population The objective of these studies was to evaluate various causes of visiting adolescent girls in gynecology OPD and to assess their awareness about reproductive health problems. Material And Method:- This cross sectional study was conducted in a private clinic in district Shivpuri from 1 st April 2017 to 30 march 2022 In this study 668 adolescents were studied during this period. Detailed history, general examination, laboratory investigation, and pelvic USG were done to evaluate their health. Awareness of girls about reproductive and sexual health was interviewed. Results:- In this study, 668 adolescents were studied. The majority 54.04% of adolescent girls were between the ages of 14-16 years. Most 48.05% of them were educated up to 10th standard and most 74.10% of them were between BMI KG/m2 19-25 and the most 75.44% common age of menarche was between 11-13 years. Menstrual irregularities were the most common (58.68%) type of gynecological problem seen in adolescent girls. Frequency and percentage of other gynecological problems like breast problems, per vaginal discharge, Vulval itching, Hirsutism, Acne Lower abdominal pain, Dysurea & frequency of micturition, Bartholins cyst, contraceptive advise, Pregnancy/abortion, and post abortal bleeding in adolescent girls were 9%, 6.14%.,2.99%, 1.95%, 1.95%, 2.99%, 2.99%, 5.99% 2.10% and 1.05 respectively. Puberty menorrhagia (30.14%) was the most common type of menstrual disorder found among adolescent girls Frequency and percentage of other menstrual problems like Oligomenorrhea, and polymenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, and Dysmenorrhea were 25.84% 12.92% 4.07% 18.18%, and 8.85% of adolescent girls respectively. AUB was the most common cause of puberty menorrhagia. polycystic ovaries were diagnosed in 37.30% of cases. Hypothyroidism was present in 3.97% and bleeding disorders were diagnosed in 1.59% of cases. Mullerian agenesis was the main cause (58.82%) of primary amenorrhea, and PCOD was the main cause of secondary amenorrhea 57.04% were aware of the physical science of pubertal development. Awareness about cancer cervix, HPV vaccination, and pap smear was found in only 17.96% of cases. 40.87% of cases were aware of cancer or breast and self-breast examination. STD awareness, HIV awareness, modes of transmission, awareness about contraceptives, awareness about the physiology of menstruation, awareness about anemia, awareness about menstrual hygiene, and awareness about tobacco and drug addiction were found in 50.90%, 25.00%, 53.89%, 20.96%, 61.98%, 25.00%, and 20.96% respectively. Conclusion:- In our study, menstrual disorders were the commonest gynecological problems among adolescents To create awareness and to promote knowledge regarding various health issues, health education classes and counseling of adolescent girls regarding reproductive health problems should be done Community-level health services should be well equipped with drugs, supplies of blood, and facilities for laboratory investigation to deal with reproductive health problems in adolescent