Cave hygropetric beetles and their feeding behaviour, a comparative study of Cansiliella servadeii AND Hadesia asamo (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Leptodirini)

Dorigo, Luca; Squartini, Andrea; Toniello, Vladimiro; Dreon, Angelo Leandro; Pamio, Alberto; Concina, Giorgio; Simonutti, Venicio; Ruzzier, Enrico; Perreau, Michel; Engel, Annette Summers; Gavinelli, Federico; Martinez‐Sañudo, Isabel; Mazzon, Luca; Paoletti, Maurizio G.

doi:10.3986/ac.v46i2-3.4936

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Caves throughout the world have similarities with one another, including perpetual darkness, cooler and more consistent water temperatures, and a lack or reduction in the number of primary producers (Poulson and White, 1969). As such, many cave animals have converged on a suite of behavioral modifications such as loss of sleep and altered locomotor rhythms (Duboué and Borowsky, 2012; Duboué et al, 2011; Hervant et al, 2000; Jegla and Poulson, 1968), altered feeding (Dorigo et al, 2017; Kowalko et al, 2013a; Mammola and Isaia, 2017), loss of social behavior (Almeida-Silva et al, 2009; Kowalko et al, 2013b; Yap et al, 2011), and reduced aggression (Elipot et al, 2013; Manenti et al, 2015; Stritih and Kosi, 2017). The functional significance of reduced stress in cavefish is not clear, yet it may be related to the lack of predators in the cave environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence on reduced stress behavior in the Mexican blind cavefish

Chin

Gassant

Amaral

et al. 2018

Developmental Biology

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Responding appropriately to stress is essential for survival, yet in pathological states, these responses can develop into debilitating conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder and generalized anxiety. While genetic models have provided insight into the neurochemical and neuroanatomical pathways that underlie stress, little is known about how evolutionary processes and naturally occurring variation contribute to the diverse responses to stressful stimuli observed in the animal kingdom. The Mexican cavefish is a powerful system to address how altered genetic and neuronal systems can give rise to altered behaviors. When introduced into a novel tank, surface fish and cavefish display a stereotypic stress response, characterized by reduced exploratory behavior and increased immobility, akin to "freezing". The stress response in cave and surface forms is reduced by pharmacological treatment with the anxiolytic drug, buspirone, fortifying the notion that behavior in the assay represents a conserved stress state. We find that cave populations display reduced behavioral measures of stress compared to surface conspecifics, including increased time in the top half of the tank and fewer periods of immobility. Further, reduced stress responses are observed in multiple independently derived cavefish populations, suggesting convergence on loss of behavioral stress responses in the novel tank assay. These findings provide evidence of a naturally occurring species with two drastically different forms in which a shift in predator-rich ecology to one with few predators corresponds to a reduction in stress behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence on reduced stress behavior in the Mexican blind cavefish

Chin

Gassant

Amaral

et al. 2018

Developmental Biology

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“…Remarkably, no GRs associated with the perception of fructose and other sugars were detected in S. longicornis (at least clustering together with functionally annotated genes in D. melanogaster) indicating that either S. longicornis does not have receptors for these types of carbohydrates, or their evolutionary origin is different from that in other beetles. This could also be the consequence of reduced proportion of carbohydrates available underground and with the low sugar feeding habits of S. longicornis, which basically consist of fungi, biofilms and carrion (Delay 1978;Dorigo et al 2017). Further comparative studies including nonphytophagous epigean beetles would help to test the hypothesis that a lack of sugar receptors is directly associated with a strict subterranean lifestyle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smelling in the dark: phylogenomic insights on the chemosensory system of a subterranean beetle

Balart‐García

Cieslak

Escuer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The chemosensory system has experienced relevant changes in subterranean animals, facilitating the orientation into darkness via the perception of specific chemical signals critical to survive in this particular environment. However, the genomic basis of chemoreception in cave-dwelling fauna is largely unexplored. We generated de novo transcriptomes for antennae and body samples of the troglobitic beetle Speonomus longicornis (whose characters suggest an extreme adaptation to the deep subterranean) in order to interrogate the evolutionary origin and diversification of the chemosensory gene repertoire across coleopterans through a phylogenomic approach. Our results suggested a diminished diversity of odorant and gustatory gene repertoires compared to polyphagous epigean beetles. Moreover, S. longicornis showed a large diversity of odorant-binding proteins, suggesting an important role of these proteins in capturing airborne chemical cues. We identified a gene duplication in the ionotropic co-receptor IR25a, a highly conserved single-copy gene in protostomes involved in thermal and humidity sensing. In addition, no homologous genes to sugar receptors or the ionotropic receptor IR41a were detected. Our findings suggest that the chemosensory gene repertoire of this cave beetle may have been reshaped by the low complexity of chemical signals of this particular environment, and that gene duplication and loss may have played an important role in the evolution of genes involved in chemoreception. Altogether, our results shed light on the genomic basis of chemoreception in a cave-dwelling invertebrate and pave the road towards understanding the genomic underpinnings of adaptation to the subterranean lifestyle at a deeper level.

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Questioning the monophyly of Anthroherponina (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Leptodirini) and description of three new, ecologically ultraspecialized subterranean species

Delić,

Lohaj,

Brestovanský

et al. 2023

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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The beetle subtribe Anthroherponina (Coleoptera: Leiodidae), including also ecologically specialized and semi-aquatic hygropetricolous genera, presents one of the most illustrative examples of morphological variability in cave-adapted animals. However, phylogenetic relations within the tribe remain dubious. Recent exploration of deep-phreatic caves of the Western Balkans Dinaric Karst enabled us to collect all known Anthroherponina genera and access new populations of hygropetricolous beetles, representatives of the iconic Hadesia and elusive Nauticiella. We studied the taxonomic structure of newly collected semi-aquatic beetle populations by using traditional morphology and deploying uni- and multilocus molecular species delimitation. In addition, we tested the monophyly of the subtribe Anthroherponina and set the group’s evolutionary development into a palaeogeographic context by reconstructing a multilocus calibrated phylogeny. As a result, three new species of specialized semi-aquatic beetles are described. The morphologically based monophyly of Anthroherponina was shown to be an artefact of evolutionary convergences, while the evolutionary development of the monophylum seems to be paired with the orogeny of the Dinarides. Finally, the new results raise more questions about our understanding of evolution in subterranean beetles and their adaptation to special ecological niches.

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Cave hygropetric beetles and their feeding behaviour, a comparative study of Cansiliella servadeii AND Hadesia asamo (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Leptodirini)

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Convergence on reduced stress behavior in the Mexican blind cavefish

Convergence on reduced stress behavior in the Mexican blind cavefish

Smelling in the dark: phylogenomic insights on the chemosensory system of a subterranean beetle

Questioning the monophyly of Anthroherponina (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Leptodirini) and description of three new, ecologically ultraspecialized subterranean species

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