Cavernous Hemangioma of the Choroid

Abstract

The records of 10 patients with cavernous choroidal hemangiomas were reviewed. Biomicroscopic findings were typical in all cases. Indocyanin green infrared angiography was performed on 8 patients. It showed typical and specific findings. Argon laser photocoagulation of the tumor was carried out in 6 cases with associated macular serous retinal detachment. Cryotreatment was applied in addition to argon laser photocoagulation in 2 cases with associated extensive bullous retinal detachment. Serous retinal detachment and macular edema completely resolved after treatment in 4 cases. Posttreatment visual acuity was the same as before treatment in 2 cases. In 4 cases it was improved.

Circumscribed choroidal hemangioma

“…[23,24] Macular changes can include serous retinal detachment, degeneration of the overlying retina, hard exudates, retinal pigment epithelial changes, macular pucker or epiretinal membrane formation and chronic cystic changes. [19,25] …”

Indocyanine Green Videoangiography of Optic Cavernous Angioma -Case Report-

“…ICG-VAG can confirm aneurysm occlusion, residual blood flow through perforators of approximately 0.3 mm in diameter, and patency of reconstructed blood vessels. 8,11,13,18) ICG-VAG is useful in cases of aneurysm, vascular reconstruction, and cerebral infarction, [1][2][3][4] and also in some patients with tumorous lesions. 1,5,8,9,11,13,18) In comparison with cerebral angiography, which is a radiographic procedure, ICG-VAG is a fluorescence imaging method and cannot 8,11,13,18) depict the lesion site if the irradiated light is blocked by the brain parenchyma or skin.…”

Indocyanine Green Angiographic Findings in Choroidal Hemangiomas: A Study of 75 Cases

“…Like the circumscribed type, the diffuse hemangioma may produce a serous retinal detachment, which can eventually become total. If the detachment persists, cataract, neovascular glaucoma, and corneal edema can ensue [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. …”

“…This is explained by the fact that choroidal hemangiomas are extremely rare. The diagnosis of circumscribed lesions therefore requires an experience most ophthalmologists cannot rely upon [7]. Differential diagnosis usually includes amelanotic choroidal melanoma, choroidal metastasis, and, in selected cases, central serous chorioretinopathy, choroiditis, posterior scleritis, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, choroidal osteoma and, in children, retinoblastoma [2, 4, 6].…”

“…ICG angiography is a new diagnostic modality which was suggested, in small series, to provide a typical angiographic pattern in cases of choroidal hemangioma [7, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]. Our study, through an exceptionally large series of 75 patients – considering the scarcity of the tumor –, was designed in a prospective way to assess whether a typical ICG pattern of choroidal hemangioma exists and what would be its possible variations.…”