Cavernous malformations in children: a review of the literature

Cavernous malformations of the brain are currently a fairly common vascular pathology, the number of detected cases has increased dramatically in recent years. This is due to the introduction into clinical practice and widespread dissemination of modern neuroimaging methods, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Before the advent of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, it was very difficult to diagnose this pathology, and the diagnosis, most often, was established intraoperatively or according to autopsy data. A review of the literature is devoted to radiological diagnosis of cerebral cavernous malformations. The importance of neuroimaging methods for the diagnosis of cavernous malformations was analyzed, as well as the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for visualization of cavernous malformations. The advantages of MRI over other methods of neuroimaging of this pathology have been revealed. Pulse sequences of MRI and signaling c haracteristics of foci of various types depending on the morphological substrate were characterized. The significance of the SWI (susceptibility weighted imaging) sequence for the detection of multifocal lesions in cases of familial CCM was analyzed. Consideration of the main MRI pulse sequences for visualization of cavernous malformations will optimize the protocol algorithm for the timely diagnosis of this pathology and the choice of treatment tactics.

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Radiation diagnostics of cerebral cavernous malformations

Girya

Николаевна²,

Sinitsyn

et al. 2021

Digital Diagnostics

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Cavernous malformations of the brain and modern views on their treatment

Girya

Николаевна²,

Sinitsyn

et al. 2021

Digital Diagnostics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cavernous malformations of the brain have become an increasingly common pathology in recent years, thanks to the advancement of modern methods of neuroimaging. Despite the benign nature of the course in most cases, these formations can cause convulsions and serious neurological disorders. Typically, clinical manifestations are caused by hemorrhages in the structure of the cavernous and surrounding parenchyma of the brain. The management strategy chosen for patients with cerebral cavernous malformations is determined by the type of malformation, its size, localization, the presence of repeated hemorrhages, and the clinical picture. This literature review focuses on modern methods of treating cerebral cavernous malformations. The main methods of treatment for cavernous malformations of the brain, particularly surgical treatment, have been analyzed. If surgical intervention is not possible, alternative methods of treatment include radiation therapy, such as stereotaxic radiosurgery, and proton therapy, in cases of deep location of foci in functionally significant areas of the brain, which are characterized by the highest risk of complications. Thе possibilities, efficacy, and safety of stereotactic radiosurgical treatment are discussed, as well as the use of proton therapy in the treatment of cavernous malformations. Furthermore, radiation therapy has been shown to be beneficial for cavernous malformations.

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Cavernous malformations in children: a review of the literature

Cited by 2 publications

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Radiation diagnostics of cerebral cavernous malformations

Radiation diagnostics of cerebral cavernous malformations

Cavernous malformations of the brain and modern views on their treatment

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