Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis: Efficiently Recognizing and Treating a Life-Threatening Condition

Ali, Selma

doi:10.7759/cureus.17339

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Because of strict management, the death rate has dropped below 30%, but morbidity is still high and full recovery is still rare. The late diagnosis and use of antibiotics could be to blame for these high death and illness rates [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in a Young Male Presenting With Pneumothorax Secondary to Septic Pulmonary Emboli: A Case Report

Vempati¹,

Dixit²,

Miriyala³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) is a rare complication that happens when infected thrombi from the original site of infection break off and travel to the pulmonary blood vessels, causing an infarction or an abscess. Cases were reported on SPE, with tricuspid or pulmonary valve endocarditis being the most common primary site, especially in intravenous drug abusers. There are, however, very few reports of SPE brought on by septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST). Here, we describe the case of an 18-year-old male who had a pustule on his left eyelid, after which he developed fever, spontaneous swelling of his left eye, followed by his right eye, along with bilateral proptosis and diplopia, and new-onset dyspnea. Auscultation revealed decreased breath sounds in the left lung fields. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cavernous sinus thrombosis. Blood cultures isolated Staphylococcus aureus species. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed a left-sided pneumothorax with minimal pleural effusion and multiple nodules scattered among both lungs, suggesting septic pulmonary emboli. We report this case to convey how a minor lesion, that is, an eyelid pustule (stye), can get complicated and set off a spiral of events that takes an unexpected tangent, challenging physicians and necessitating a rigorous approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in a Young Male Presenting With Pneumothorax Secondary to Septic Pulmonary Emboli: A Case Report

Vempati¹,

Dixit²,

Miriyala³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…These include local infections, thrombosis and skin necrosis as well as a spread of infections or thrombosis into the intracranial blood vessels [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. A spread of infection does not only occur iatrogenically as a complication of an aesthetic procedure but also as a complication of local infection such as furuncles, carbuncles, canine fossa abscesses or periorbital cellulitis [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. A spread of infection from the facial regions into the dural venous sinuses may result in septic cavernous sinus thrombosis [ 18 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A spread of infection does not only occur iatrogenically as a complication of an aesthetic procedure but also as a complication of local infection such as furuncles, carbuncles, canine fossa abscesses or periorbital cellulitis [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. A spread of infection from the facial regions into the dural venous sinuses may result in septic cavernous sinus thrombosis [ 18 , 21 , 22 ]. Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is a life-threatening condition, with high morbidity and mortality rates being described at around 30% [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A spread of infection from the facial regions into the dural venous sinuses may result in septic cavernous sinus thrombosis [ 18 , 21 , 22 ]. Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is a life-threatening condition, with high morbidity and mortality rates being described at around 30% [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. In aesthetic filler therapy, a rare but serious complication is intravascular application leading to thrombosis or embolization [ 13 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights into the Communications of the Facial Vein with the Dural Venous Sinuses

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: Anastomoses of the extracranial and intracranial venous system have been described in the literature. The presence of such anastomoses may facilitate a possible spread of infection into the dural venous sinuses. However, the frequency and relevance of such anastomoses is highly debated. The aim of this study was to quantify frequencies of anastomoses between the facial vein and the dural venous sinuses. Materials and Methods: In 32 sides of 16 specimens, latex was injected into the facial vein. Dissection was carried out to follow and described these anastomoses, yielding the presence of latex in the intracranial venous system. Results: In 97% of cases, a dispersal of latex into the cavernous sinus as well as anastomoses was observed. A further dispersal of latex into other dural venous sinuses was found at rates ranging between 34% (transverse sinus)—88% (superior petrosal sinus), respectively. Conclusions: The presence of anastomoses between the extracranial and intracranial venous system in a majority of cases needs to be considered when dealing with pathologies as well as procedures in the facial region.

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Empyema Secondary a Septic Embolus in a Patient with Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Silva Aguilar

2024

Revista Científica y Académica

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Background: Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (SCST) is an unusual and life-threatening condition that can develop as a result of infectious or noninfectious conditions. (1) There are very few reports of septic pulmonary embolism secondary to a septic cavernous sinus thrombosis. Case presentation: Here we describe the case of a 31-year-old female who was immunocompromised secondary to the intake of methylprednisolone, chronic pansinusitis was stablished and she developed, fever, left-sided headache, facial pain, eyelid swelling, and proptosis with ophthalmoplegia in her left eye, loss of the visual acuity. CT revealed cavernous sinus thrombosis with indirect data. Blood, sinus and pleural cultures isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae. Chest CT revealed a right multiloculated empyema and a cavitated nodule that corresponds to an infectious process, of note the presence of multiple nodules scattered among both lungs, suggestive of septic pulmonary emboli. Multidisciplinary strategy was implemented and after discharge the patient is under surveillance with adequate recovery Conclusion: We report this peculiar case that shows the importance of multidisciplinary approach for the management of this rare entity. We have noticed all type of scenarios and the base of this is a prompt diagnosis and avoid possible complications in order prevent serious and permanent sequalae.

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Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis: Efficiently Recognizing and Treating a Life-Threatening Condition

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in a Young Male Presenting With Pneumothorax Secondary to Septic Pulmonary Emboli: A Case Report

Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in a Young Male Presenting With Pneumothorax Secondary to Septic Pulmonary Emboli: A Case Report

New Insights into the Communications of the Facial Vein with the Dural Venous Sinuses

Empyema Secondary a Septic Embolus in a Patient with Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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