Cavitation induced by continuous wave lasers

Ramírez-San-Juan, J. C.; Rodriguez-Aboytes, E.; Korneev, N.; Baldovinos-Pantaleon, O.; Chiu, Roger; Gutiérrez-Juárez, G.; Domínguez-Cruz, René Fernando; Ramos-Garcı́a, R.

doi:10.1117/12.734894

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Finally, it is interesting to note that, in contrast to reports demonstrating bubble formation in liquids due to laser absorption [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], our results were obtained using a low power (<70 mW) CW laser diode. While we have observed in our experiments bubbles with lifetimes ranging from seconds to minutes, cavitation and nucleation generated bubbles have an average lifetime of micro or milliseconds.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…1vetuasaber@ciencias.unam.mx 2jhcordero@iim.unam.mx Bubbles can be generated optically trough optical breakdown in liquids (cavitation effects) with laser light; this process usually involves high-power pulsed laser sources [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The interaction of a short laser pulse with absorbing liquids or solid materials in contact with liquid is central to a number of applications, including laser cleaning, pulsed laser deposition of thin film materials, laser tissue removal, selective cell killing and bubble jet printer technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticle coated optical fibers for single microbubble generation

Pimentel‐Domínguez

Hernández‐Cordero

2011

SPIE Proceedings

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The study of bubbles and bubbly flows is important in various fields such as physics, chemistry, medicine, geophysics, and even the food industry. A wide variety of mechanical and acoustic techniques have been reported for bubble generation. Although a single bubble may be generated with these techniques, controlling the size and the mean lifetime of the bubble remains a difficult task. Most of the optical methods for generation of microbubbles involve high-power pulsed laser sources focused in absorbing media such as liquids or particle solutions. With these techniques, single micron-sized bubbles can be generated with typical mean lifetimes ranging from nano to microseconds. The main problem with these bubbles is their abrupt implosion: this produces a shock wave that can potentially produce damages on the surroundings. These effects have to be carefully controlled in biological applications and in laser surgery, but thus far, not many options are available to effectively control micron-size bubble growth. In this paper, we present a new technique to generate microbubbles in non-absorbing liquids. In contrast to previous reports, the proposed technique uses low-power and a CW radiation from a laser diode. The laser light is guided through an optical fiber whose output end has been coated with nanostructures. Upon immersing the tip of the fiber in ethanol or water, micron-size bubbles can be readily generated. With this technique, bubble growth can be controlled through adjustments on the laser power. We have obtained micron-sized bubbles with mean lifetimes in the range of seconds. Furthermore, the generated bubbles do not implode, as verified with a high-speed camera and flow visualization techniques.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle coated optical fibers for single microbubble generation

Pimentel‐Domínguez

Hernández‐Cordero

2011

SPIE Proceedings

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“…Most of these studies have been conducted by considering a short laser pulse of known energy as the driving factor for the bubble life cycle. Other studies have shown that similar effects can be achieved by using continuous wave lasers [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] that homogeneously heat the water. Although this approach is semi-stochastic, bubble formation and collapse occur multiple times, with a quasi-constant repetition frequency, depending on the laser power, wavelength, and tip geometry [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interferometric Fiber Optic Probe for Measurements of Cavitation Bubble Expansion Velocity and Bubble Oscillation Time

Zubalic

Vella

Babnik

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Cavitation bubbles are used in medicine as a mechanism to generate shock waves. The study of cavitation bubble dynamics plays a crucial role in understanding and utilizing such phenomena for practical applications and purposes. Since the lifetime of cavitation bubbles is in the range of hundreds of microseconds and the radii are in the millimeter range, the observation of bubble dynamics requires complicated and expensive equipment. High-speed cameras or other optical techniques require transparent containers or at least a transparent optical window to access the region. Fiber optic probe tips are commonly used to monitor water pressure, density, and temperature, but no study has used a fiber tip sensor in an interferometric setup to measure cavitation bubble dynamics. We present how a fiber tip sensor system, originally intended as a hydrophone, can be used to track the expansion and contraction of cavitation bubbles. The measurement is based on interference between light reflected from the fiber tip surface and light reflected from the cavitation bubble itself. We used a continuous-wave laser to generate cavitation bubbles and a high-speed camera to validate our measurements. The shock wave resulting from the collapse of a bubble can also be measured with a delay in the order of 1 µs since the probe tip can be placed less than 1 mm away from the origin of the cavitation bubble. By combining the information on the bubble expansion velocity and the time of bubble collapse, the lifetime of a bubble can be estimated. The bubble expansion velocity is measured with a spatial resolution of 488 nm, half the wavelength of the measuring laser. Our results demonstrate an alternative method for monitoring bubble dynamics without the need for expensive equipment. The method is flexible and can be adapted to different environmental conditions, opening up new perspectives in many application areas.

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“…Some previous studies have found that interactions between a pulsed laser and liquid results in the formation of MB cavitation [22]. It was realized that short and ultrashort pulsed laser induced cavitation offer simpler and better controlled conditions of bubble cavitation due to the optical breakdown [23]. Continuous lasers induced cavitation has been reported causing by thermal expansion and liquid boiling [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Microbubble Contrast Agent with Pulsed-Laser Irradiation for Transdermal Drug Delivery

et al. 2018

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The optodynamic process of laser-induced microbubble (MB) cavitation in liquids is utilized in various medical applications. However, how incident laser radiation interacts with MBs as an ultrasound contrast agent is rarely estimated when the liquid already contains stable MBs. The present study investigated the efficacy of the laser-mediated cavitation of albumin-shelled MBs in enhancing transdermal drug delivery. Different types and conditions of laser-mediated inertial cavitation of MBs were first evaluated. A CO2 fractional pulsed laser was selected for combining with MBs in the in vitro and in vivo experiments. The in vitro skin penetration by β-arbutin after 2 h was 2 times greater in the group combining a laser with MBs than in the control group. In small-animal experiments, the whitening effect on the skin of C57BL/6J mice in the group combining a laser with MBs on the skin plus penetrating β-arbutin increased (significantly) by 48.0% at day 11 and 50.0% at day 14, and then tended to stabilize for the remainder of the 20-day experimental period. The present results indicate that combining a CO2 laser with albumin-shelled MBs can increase skin permeability so as to enhance the delivery of β-arbutin to inhibit melanogenesis in mice without damaging the skin.

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Cavitation induced by continuous wave lasers

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Nanoparticle coated optical fibers for single microbubble generation

Nanoparticle coated optical fibers for single microbubble generation

Interferometric Fiber Optic Probe for Measurements of Cavitation Bubble Expansion Velocity and Bubble Oscillation Time

Combining Microbubble Contrast Agent with Pulsed-Laser Irradiation for Transdermal Drug Delivery

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