Cavity-enhanced microwave electric field measurement using Rydberg atoms

Peng, Yandong; Wang, Jinling; Yang, Aihong; Jia, Zhengmao; Li, Dehua; Chen, Bing

doi:10.1364/josab.35.002272

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…below 1 mV/m) is important for practical applications if the Rydberg atom RF field sensor is to compete with traditional circuit based sensors. Techniques using optical cavities 23 to narrow the EIT line width and improve AT splitting resolution, as well as homodyne detection 24 with a Mach Zehnder interferometer in order to reduce signal to noise levels have been proposed for weak RF field measurements. Some of the weakest RF fields as low as 800 µV/m have been detected thus far by fitting models to EIT probe laser specrtra in search of small perturbations 14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Weak electric-field detection with sub-1 Hz resolution at radio frequencies using a Rydberg atom-based mixer

et al. 2019

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Rydberg atoms have been used for measuring radio-frequency (RF) electric (E)-fields due to their strong dipole moments over the frequency range of 500 MHz-1 THz. For this, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) within the Autler-Townes (AT) regime is used such that the detected E-field is proportional to AT splitting. However, for weak E-fields AT peak separation becomes unresolvable thus limiting the minimum detectable E-field. Here, we demonstrate using the Rydberg atoms as an RF mixer for weak E-field detection well below the AT regime with frequency discrimination better than 1 Hz resolution. Two E-fields incident on a vapor cell filled with cesium atoms are used. One E-field at 19.626000 GHz drives the 34D 5/2 → 35P 3/2 Rydberg transition and acts as a local oscillator (LO) and a second signal E-field (Sig) of interest is at 19.626090 GHz. In the presence of the LO, the Rydberg atoms naturally down convert the Sig field to a 90 kHz intermediate frequency (IF) signal. This IF signal manifests as an oscillation in the probe laser intensity through the Rydberg vapor and is easily detected with a photodiode and lock-in amplifier. In the configuration used here, E-field strength down to ≈ 46 µV/m ± 2 µV/m were detected. Furthermore, neighboring fields 0.1 Hz away and equal in strength to Sig could be discriminated without any leakage into the lock-in signal. For signals 1 Hz away and as high as +60 dB above Sig, leakage into the lock-in signal could be kept below -3 dB.

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confidence: 99%

Weak electric-field detection with sub-1 Hz resolution at radio frequencies using a Rydberg atom-based mixer

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, improvement in measurement sensitivity factor of about 2 is clearly achieved. The enhanced measurement sensitivity of microwave electric field by experiment is smaller than the theoretical calculations [29][30][31], which is caused by the additional losses of the cavity mirrors and the scattering of vapor cell in experiment. The measurement sensitivity may be greatly improved by combining other effective methods, such as the robust Rydberg atom superheterodyne method [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Intracavity Rydberg atoms, whose collective effect is greatly enhanced, are considered as a candidate for microwave E-field measurement. The enhanced detection sensitivity of weak microwave E-field with intracavity Rydberg atoms has been investigated in theory [29][30][31]. Both the effects of intracavity Rydberg EIT, intracavity anomalous dispersion and the collective Rabi splitting are calculated and simulated for the microwave E-field measurement, which can greatly improve the measurement sensitivity, while there are no reports of measuring the weak microwave E-field by intracavity Rydberg atoms in experiment to our best knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Microwave Electric Field Measurement With Cavity-Assisted Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Phys.

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We report a scheme for enhancing microwave electric field measurement by cavity-assisted Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency in the 87Rb coherent atomic system. The vacuum Rabi splitting appears when the probe field is strongly coupled with intracavity atoms. The cavity-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency with dual-peak profile is observed as a strong coupling laser is further introduced into the optical ring cavity. The optimal atomic density, resulting in an appropriate vacuum Rabi splitting interval and cavity-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency amplitude, is determined for the coupling effect criterion of the probe field and intracavity atoms. Finally, the cavity-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency is employed to accurately measure the microwave electric field strength, and a measurement sensitivity factor of about 2 is improved owing to an enhanced photon–atom interaction. This study is beneficial for the development of compact, broadband, and self-calibrating microwave receivers.

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“…Recently, Rydberg-atom technology has been widely used in MW electric-field measurement [11][12][13][14], MW imaging [15][16][17] and digital communication [18][19][20], etc. Most of the recent works are based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or Aulter-Towns splitting [21][22][23][24], and how quantum interference effects significantly improve its performance [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tunable broadband microwave absorber based on coherent population trapping

et al. 2020

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A scheme is proposed for a tunable broadband microwave absorber using a four-level Rydberg atom system with competition between electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and coherent population trapping (CPT). Two laser fields drive the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to a Rydberg state, forming a cascade-type EIT/CPT system. When a microwave (MW) field couples the Rydberg transition, a strong MW absorption peak appears. A narrow band MW absorber could be obtained via EIT, however, using CPT, the MW absorption spectrum can be significantly broadened and enhanced to have a bandwidth about ten times larger than that obtained with EIT and whose peak value can also be enhanced by a factor of ten, based on simulation.

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Cavity-enhanced microwave electric field measurement using Rydberg atoms

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Weak electric-field detection with sub-1 Hz resolution at radio frequencies using a Rydberg atom-based mixer

Weak electric-field detection with sub-1 Hz resolution at radio frequencies using a Rydberg atom-based mixer

Enhanced Microwave Electric Field Measurement With Cavity-Assisted Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

A tunable broadband microwave absorber based on coherent population trapping

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