Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics and Lasing Oscillation in Single Quantum Dot-Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Coupled Systems

Arakawa, Yasuhiko; Iwamoto, Satoshi; Nomura, Masahiro; Tandaechanurat, Aniwat; Ota, Yasutomo

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2012.2199088

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The value of the autocorrelation function at zero delay gives the number (N) of emitted photons at a given time [13]: For a pure single photon source (N = 1), a value of g (2) (0) = 0 is expected; however, the presence of a single quantum emitter is commonly confirmed by the observation of a g (2) (0) less than 0.5 (i.e., N < 2). In our case, we observe a strong suppression of the autocorrelation peak at zero delay time, with a value of g (2) (0) < 0.5 (and close to the background level) that proves the single photon emission from our QDs. The quite high level (~0.25) of background signal in our measurements is most likely due to carrier recapture phenomena [14,15] associated with the relatively high power density (30 W/cm 2 ) we used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fabrication of integrated quantum dot (QD)-optical nanocavity systems is a pivotal step for the realization of innovative nanophotonic applications and devices, such as quantum computing, quantum key distribution, nanolasers, efficient single-photon emitters etc., as well as for fundamental studies on cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED) [1,2]. One of the main strategies for integrating a QD into an optical cavity is the fabrication of a photonic crystal (PhC) cavity around a selected QD [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A lithographic approach for quantum dot-photonic crystal nanocavity coupling in dilute nitrides

Pettinari

Gerardino

Businaro

et al. 2017

Microelectronic Engineering

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ReuseThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can't change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ We report on a novel lithographic approach for the fabrication of integrated quantum dot (QD)-photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity systems. We exploit unique hydrogen's ability to tailor the band gap energy of dilute nitride semiconductors to fabricate sitecontrolled QDs via a spatially selective hydrogenation at the nanometer-scale. A deterministic integration of the realized sitecontrolled QDs with PhC nanocavities is provided by the inherent realignment precision (~20 nm) of the electron beam lithography system used for the fabrication of both QDs and PhC cavities. A detailed description of the fabrication steps leading to the realization of integrated QD-PhC cavity systems is provided, together with the experimental evidence of a weak coupling effect between the single-photon emitter and the PhC cavity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A lithographic approach for quantum dot-photonic crystal nanocavity coupling in dilute nitrides

Pettinari

Gerardino

Businaro

et al. 2017

Microelectronic Engineering

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“…µeV [51]. Assuming γ = 60 µeV and γ * = 7 meV for an InAs/GaAs QD at 300K [21,52], we predict I=0.72, β=0.088 and F=7.3.…”

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confidence: 77%

Cavity-Funneled Generation of Indistinguishable Single Photons from Strongly Dissipative Quantum Emitters

et al. 2015

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We investigate theoretically the generation of indistinguishable single photons from a strongly dissipative quantum system placed inside an optical cavity. The degree of indistinguishability of photons emitted by the cavity is calculated as a function of the emitter-cavity coupling strength and the cavity linewidth. For a quantum emitter subject to strong pure dephasing, our calculations reveal that an unconventional regime of high indistinguishability can be reached for moderate emittercavity coupling strengths and high quality factor cavities. In this regime, the broad spectrum of the dissipative quantum system is funneled into the narrow lineshape of the cavity. The associated efficiency is found to greatly surpass spectral filtering effects. Our findings open the path towards on-chip scalable indistinguishable-photon emitting devices operating at room temperature.Indistinguishable single photons are the building blocks of various optically-based quantum information applications such as linear optical quantum computing [1, 2], boson sampling [3][4][5][6][7], quantum teleportation [8] or quantum networks [9]. Indistinguishable photons are usually generated either using parametric down conversion [10], or alternatively directly from a single two-level quantum emitter such as atoms, color centers, quantum dots or organic molecules [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Parametric down conversion is presently the most mature technology available, but the usual low efficiency of the nonlinear processes is a severe limitation to the scalability of such sources. On the other hand, sources based on single solid-state quantum systems have been greatly developped in the last decade, as they hold the promise to combine indistinguishable, on-demand, energy-efficient, electrically drivable and scalable characteristics. However, except at cryogenics temperature, solid-state systems emitting single-photons are subject to strong pure dephasing processes [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], making them at first view inappropriate for quantum applications requiring photon indistinguishability.A two-level quantum emitter (QE) coupled only to vacuum fluctuations should emit perfectly indistinguishable photons. However, as soon as pure dephasing of the QE occurs, the degree of indistinguishability of the emitted photons is reduced to [30]where γ = 1/T 1 is the population decay rate, γ * /2 = 1/T * 2 the pure dephasing rate, and 1/T 2 = 2/T 1 + 1/T 2 * the total dephasing rate. For solid-state QE emitting photons at room temperature such as color centers, quantum dots or organic molecules, pure dephasing rates are typically several orders of magnitude larger than the population decay rate (typically ranging from 3 to 6 orders of magnitude) [12,14,21,22,24,[26][27][28][29]31]. Hence the intrinsic indistinguishability given by Eq. 1 is almost zero. A possible way to enhance the indistinguishability is to spectrally filter the emitted photons a posteriori. However, this linear-filter strategy leads to a very low efficiency. Engin...

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“…Based on the theoretical calculation, single-shot regime could be achieved by improving the overall photon collection efficiency, which could be achieved by using cavity designs that enhance directional emission [126][127][128] or using single photon detectors that have higher quantum efficiency [132]. We can also improve the spin readout fidelity by improving the system cooperativity, which could be achieved by using cavities with smaller mode volume [133,134] or higher quality factor [125,135,136].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will revisit this assumption in the later part of this section. We set the cavity parameters to g/2π = 20 GHz and κ/2π = 6 GHz [125]. For the quantum dot, we assume the spontaneous emission rate is 0.1 GHz for both optical transitions (γ 1 /2π = γ 2 /2π = 0.1 GHz) [57].…”

Section: Analysis Of Fidelity For a Quantum Dot Based Cavity Qed Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic Quantum Interface for a Single Solid-state Spin

Sun

Kim

Solomon

et al. 2016

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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The ability to store and transmit quantum information plays a central role in virtually all quantum information processing applications. Single spins serve as pristine quantum memories whereas photons are ideal carriers of quantum information. Strong interactions between these two systems provide the necessary interface for developing future quantum networks and distributed quantum computers.They also enable a broad range of critical quantum information functionalities such as entanglement distribution, non-destructive quantum measurements and strong photon-photon interactions. Realizing spin-photon interactions in a solid-state device is particularly desirable because it opens up the possibility of chip-integrated quantum circuits that support gigahertz bandwidth operation.In this thesis, I demonstrate a nanophotonic quantum interface between a single solid-state spin and a photon, and explore its applications in quantum information processing. First, we experimentally realize a spin-photon quantum phase switch based on a strongly coupled quantum dot and photonic crystal cavity system. This device enables coherent light-matter interactions at the fundamental limit, where a single spin controls the polarization of a photon and a single photon flips the spin state. Furthermore, we theoretically propose a way to deterministically generate spin-photon entanglement based on the spin-photon quantum interface, which is an important step towards solid-state implementations of quantum repeaters and quantum networks. Next, we show both theoretically and experimentally, a new method to optically read out a solid-state spin based on the same cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system. This new method achieves significant improvement in spin readout fidelity over typical approaches using fluorescence light detection.In the end, we report efforts to realize tunable and robust quantum dot based cavity QED systems. We present a technique for tuning the frequency of a quantum dot that is strongly coupled to a photonic crystal cavity by applying strain. This tuning technique enables us to accurately control the detuning between a quantum dot and a cavity without affecting other emission properties of the dot, which is essential for lots of applications associated with cavity QED systems, including non-classical light generation, photon blockade, single photon level optical switch, and also our major focus, the spin-photon quantum interface.

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Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics and Lasing Oscillation in Single Quantum Dot-Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Coupled Systems

Cited by 35 publications

References 75 publications

A lithographic approach for quantum dot-photonic crystal nanocavity coupling in dilute nitrides

A lithographic approach for quantum dot-photonic crystal nanocavity coupling in dilute nitrides

Cavity-Funneled Generation of Indistinguishable Single Photons from Strongly Dissipative Quantum Emitters

Nanophotonic Quantum Interface for a Single Solid-state Spin

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