The type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB 2 R) is a relatively new target for drug development, as the receptor was only discovered in 1993. The CB 2 R is mainly expressed in tissues and organs related to the immune system. However, in pathological conditions, mostly inflammatory, a strong upregulation has been observed. Because of its expression in activated microglia, the type 2 cannabinoid receptor might play an important role in pathologies with a neuroinflammatory component. Positron emission tomography provides a sensitive non-invasive imaging technique to study and quantify receptor expression. In this review, the importance of CB 2 R imaging, the current status and the future possibilities for the development of CB 2 R PET radioligands are discussed.