CCAS: Contention and congestion aware switch allocation for network-on-chips

Contention-Aware Routing for Thermal-Reliable Optical Networks-on-Chip

“…By leveraging the repeated nature of the switchs optical resonances, the decreases or increases in ambient temperature can be corrected by increasing or decreasing respectively the power delivered to the integrated heater. We formulate the tuning energy consumption in a routing path as (5), where ε is the tuning efficiency in mW/nm; t dur denotes the duration time of the switches' operation, and T tgt is their target operating temperature. Note that the target operating temperature of a switch is not necessarily equal to its initial temperature T 0 because it is theoretically possible to tune the switch by one or multiple free-spectral-range (FSR) at the cost of distance-related tuning energy consumption.…”

“…Using dedicated network architectures and wavelength routing, these works efficiently achieve contention-free but introduce heavy extra hardware costs. In contrast, contention-aware routing [4], [5] is an attractive solution, which mitigates contention by utilizing the inherent flexibility of adaptive routing. It requires no extra hardware but conducts lightweight software routing computation based on existing generic network architectures.…”

“…However, the routing techniques proposed for traditional electronic NoCs are usually unsuitable to be transplanted directly into ONoCs. On the one hand, the recently-proposed techniques [5] make routing decision for NoCs based on the buffer utilization information, whereas there is no photonic equivalent of a buffer in ONoCs. On the other hand, typical adaptive routing approaches, such as DyXY [4], are simple enough to be used in ONoCs but the unique characteristics of optical interconnects have not been taken into account.…”