“…Morrison et al reported that there was a strong correlation (r = .75) between young adult AoA ratings and measures of objective AoA that were recorded from object naming in children. This is not limited to only British and American culture, and has been replicated and generalized (r = .50-.96) in several languages: Chinese, French, Icelandic, Italian, Kannada, Spanish, and Turkish (Álvarez & Cuetos, 2007;Bangalore et al, 2022;Chalard et al, 2003;Chedid et al, 2019;Göz et al, 2017;Li et al, 2022;Liu et al, 2011;Lotto et al, 2010;Montefinese et al, 2019;Perez & Navalon, 2005;Pind et al, 2000;Pind & Tryggvadóttir, 2002). Recently, these AoA measures have also been found to be correlated (r = .29-.91) between 35þ languages, including Arabic, Chinese, Gaelic, English, and Persian for pictures of objects and actions (Łuniewska et al, 2016, 2019), indicating the reliability and generality of adult ratings for AoA across cultures and languages.…”