CD21+ (B2 antigen+) cell decrement and CD4+ CD29+ (helper-inducer) cell increment suggest an activation of cell immune reactivity in multiple sclerosis

Gambi, D.; Porrini, A.M.; Giampietro, Antonella; Macor, S.

doi:10.1016/0165-5728(91)90053-a

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our findings are partly in contrast with the reports of increased expression of CD29 on T cells from MS patients t37, 42). However, these studies were performed only on the CD4' subset [37,42). Our data could perhaps be explained by a pronounced reduction of CD29 expression on the CD8' population, and this is presently under investigation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Adhesion molecule expression on cerebrospinal fluid T lymphocytes: Evidence for common recruitment mechanisms in multiple sclerosis, aseptic meningitis, and normal controls

Svenningsson

Hansson

Andersen

et al. 1993

Annals of Neurology

113

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The expression of T-cell surface antigens was investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood of 11 patients with multiple sclerosis, 6 patients with aseptic meningitis, and 16 healthy subjects. A panel of monoclonal antibodies to adhesion and activation proteins was used in combination with an anti-CD3 antibody in dual-color flow cytometry. The problem of low cell numbers in the CSF from normal individuals was overcome by use of a modified staining procedure in microtiter plates, enabling analysis of as few as 5,000 cells. The majority of T cells in the CSF of the three patient groups exhibited the phenotype of memory cells (CD45RO+). CSF T cells also expressed significantly higher levels of several adhesion and activation molecules, including very late activation (VLA) antigens 3 through 6, lymphocyte function-associated (LFA) antigen 1, LFA-3, CD2, CD26, and CD44. Comparison between the different categories revealed that peripheral blood T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis expressed significantly lower amounts of the VLA integrins 4 and 5 as well as their common beta subunit CD29, compared with normal control subjects. No differences between patients with multiple sclerosis and control subjects could, however, be seen regarding the distribution of memory/naive cells or CD4+/CD8+ cells in peripheral blood. Our data support a hypothesis that memory T cells with a high expression of several adhesion molecules are selectively recruited to the central nervous system compartment, under both pathological and normal conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Adhesion molecule expression on cerebrospinal fluid T lymphocytes: Evidence for common recruitment mechanisms in multiple sclerosis, aseptic meningitis, and normal controls

Svenningsson

Hansson

Andersen

et al. 1993

Annals of Neurology

113

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“…showed that CD21 level is altered in MS patients [27]. Further, change in percentage value of CD21 + cells is suggested as a marker of immune system activation in MS patients [10]. Comparing fractions of cells expressing CD21 among B cells, CD4 + , or CD8 + T cells, we found that merely CD21 + CD8 + cells are elevated in MS patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In this respect, other subsets of B and T cells (e.g. CD29 + , CD44 + , and CD45RA + ) have been also evaluated in MS patients [10-12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytometric profiling in various clinical forms of multiple sclerosis with respect to CD21+, CD32+, and CD35+ B and T cells

Zandieh

Izad

Fakhri

et al. 2013

Transl Neurodegener

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BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the frequency of various types of B and T cells expressing CD21, CD32, and CD35 in multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical courses.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cell from 30 MS patients (17 relapsing remitting [RRMS], six secondary progressive [SPMS], and seven primary progressive MS [PPMS]) and 18 healthy subjects were analyzed. All patients were in acute attack. Healthy controls were matched for age and gender ratio. The frequencies of various subsets of B and T cells were determined using flow cytometry.ResultsThe frequency of CD4+T cells was lower in MS patients compared to control subjects (41.14 ± 9.45% vs. 46.88 ± 6.98%, respectively, P < 0.05). The CD32+ fraction of CD4+T cells and the CD21+ fraction of CD8+T cells were higher in MS patients (2.85 ± 3.72% vs. 1.06 ± 0.62% for CD32+CD4+T cells, 2.71 ± 1.86% vs. 1.16 ± 0.99% for CD21+CD8+T cells in MS patients and control subjects, respectively, P < 0.05). After dividing subjects by type of MS course, higher values of these two T cell subsets were found in SPMS patients compared to control subjects (P < 0.05). Further, RRMS patients had lower levels of CD32+CD4+T cells than SPMS patients and also they had lower levels of CD32+CD8+T cells than PPMS patients (P < 0.05). However, neither the expression of CD35 on T cells nor the various B cell subsets were statistically different between the compared groups.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that T cell subsets expressing CD21 and CD32 may differ with respect to the presence or clinical forms of MS disease. By contrast, CD35+T cells and different subsets of B cells are not altered in various MS clinical courses.

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“…Such activity may be of special relevance in MS in vivo, since the number of activated T cells was reported to be elevated in MS patients (34,35). Such activated cells produce IL-2 as well as other cytokines that may contribute to the aggravation of the pathological symptoms and progression of the disease (36).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic copolymer 1 inhibits human T-cell lines specific for myelin basic protein.

Teitelbaum

Milo

Arnon

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

103

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Copolymer 1 (Cop 1) is a synthetic basic random copolymer of amino acids that has been shown to be effective in suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and has been proposed as a candidate drug for multiple sclerosis. Cop 1 is immunologically cross reactive with myelin basic protein (BP) and was shown to inhibit murine BP-specific T-cell lines of various H-2 restrictions. In the present study these findings were extended to include human T-cell lines. Cop 1 competitively inhibited the proliferative responses and interleukin 2 secretion of six BP-specific T-cell lines and 13 clones with several DR restrictions and epitope specificities. Conversely, BP inhibited--albeit to a lesser extent--the response of all the Cop 1-specific T-cell lines and clones, irrespective of their DR restrictions. Another random copolymer of tyrosine, glutamic acid, and alanine, denoted TGA, had no effect on these lines. Neither Cop 1 nor BP inhibited the response of lines and clones specific for purified protein derivative. Cop 1 and BP exerted their cross-inhibitory effects only in the presence of antigen-presenting cells. These results suggest that Cop 1 can compete with BP for the binding to human major histocompatibility complex molecules. In view of recent studies implicating BP reactivity in multiple sclerosis, these findings suggest a possible mechanism for the beneficial effect of Cop 1 in this disease.

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CD21+ (B2 antigen+) cell decrement and CD4+ CD29+ (helper-inducer) cell increment suggest an activation of cell immune reactivity in multiple sclerosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Adhesion molecule expression on cerebrospinal fluid T lymphocytes: Evidence for common recruitment mechanisms in multiple sclerosis, aseptic meningitis, and normal controls

Adhesion molecule expression on cerebrospinal fluid T lymphocytes: Evidence for common recruitment mechanisms in multiple sclerosis, aseptic meningitis, and normal controls

Cytometric profiling in various clinical forms of multiple sclerosis with respect to CD21+, CD32+, and CD35+ B and T cells

Synthetic copolymer 1 inhibits human T-cell lines specific for myelin basic protein.

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