CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD294&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T cells of the type 2 immune response: their role in allergic inflammation

Бычкова, Н. В.

doi:10.15789/1563-0625-cco-2543

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is known that lymphocytes of the 2 nd type of immune response with the CD3 + CD294 + phenotype are effector memory T cells [1]. An increase in the relative number of this cell population above the upper limit of the reference interval (0.5-1.5%) was observed in 13 examined individuals (16.5%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…T lymphocytes of the 2 nd type of immune response contribute to the development, maintenance, and exacerbation of inflammation, mainly allergic, with the participation of several mechanisms. This cell population is involved in prolonging immediate and delayed types of inflammation, as well as eosinophilic and neutrophilic [1]. An increase in type 2 T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood has been described in patients with allergic [9] and autoimmune diseases [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T-lymphocytes of the 2nd type of the immune response and their role in enhancing inflammation during the professional activities of firefighters

2023

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T lymphocytes of the 2nd type of immune response contribute to the development and exacerbation of inflammation, mainly allergic. Increased inflammation with prolonged exposure to adverse factors during the work of firefighters can lead to the development of various diseases. Evaluation of the immunity of firefighters is important for the appointment of adequate treatment and prevention of infectious and allergic diseases. This paper aimed to analyze the indicators of immunity in employees of the state fire service of EMERCOM of Russia, depending on the age and intensity of the professional workload. The surveyed were men (n = 79), mean age 31 years, work experience from 1 to 22 years, with different workload intensity. In peripheral blood, flow cytometry (Navios, FC 500, Beckman Coulter) was used to evaluate subpopulations of monocytes, the relative number of T lymphocytes of the 2nd type of immune response CD3+CD294+. The concentration of total immunoglobulin E (Immulite) was determined. From nasal secretions, the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (Vector Best) was evaluated (n = 30). Statistical processing of the results was performed using the Statistica 12.0 package (StatSoft). An increase in the number of CD3+CD294+ cells was observed in 16.5%. A direct correlation was found between the number of T lymphocytes 2 and the age of the examined persons (р < 0.05). In the group of firefighters with a more intense workload, an increase in the number of CD3+CD294+ cells were 5 times higher (р < 0.05). Among patients who had any disease of the respiratory tract, an increase in this population was observed statistically significantly more often – in 26% of cases versus 11.5%. A strong direct correlation was found between the number of T lymphocytes 2 and the duration of smoking experience (р < 0.05). A direct correlation was established between the number of T lymphocytes 2 and the concentration of total IgE (р < 0.05). A decrease in secretory IgA in the secret from the nasal passages was observed in 23% of firefighters, in 13% of the examined, the indicator went beyond the upper limit of the reference interval. Significantly more often revealed the deviation of this indicator from the reference values in firefighters with a high workload. An increase in the subpopulation of classical monocytes was established in the group of those examined with a high number of CD3+CD294+ cells (p < 0.05). Thus, with an increase in the professional workload of firefighters in unfavorable conditions of service, inhibition of protection to infection and aggravation of damage to the respiratory tract with an increase in the 2nd type of immune response are noted. Evaluation of the number of type 2 T lymphocytes in peripheral blood will reveal a predisposition to the T2 profile of immune inflammation, which will contribute to a personalized approach to patient management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-lymphocytes of the 2nd type of the immune response and their role in enhancing inflammation during the professional activities of firefighters

2023

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“…Параллельно с оценкой сенсибилизации к аллергенам в тесте активации базофилов оценивали Т-лимфоциты 2-го типа иммунного ответа, которые являются одними из центральных клеток, поддерживающих аллергическое воспаление немедленного и замедленного типов, а также эозинофильное и нейтрофильное воспаление [18]. В обследованной группе этот показатель составил 1,5±1,0% и находился на верхней границе референтного интервала (0,3-1,5%).…”

Section: частота встречаемости (%) пациентов в группах с наличием/отс...unclassified

Opportunities of Comprehensive Laboratory Diagnosis of Genetic Predisposition to Lactose and Gluten Intolerance and Sensitization to Wheat Flour and Cow’s Milk Allergens

Бычкова¹,

Neronova²,

Калашникова³

et al. 2023

Лабораторная Диагностика. Восточная Европа

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Введение. Целиакия; не связанная с целиакией непереносимость глютена (NCGS); зависимая от пшеницы анафилаксия, вызванная физическими нагрузками (WDEIA); лактазная недостаточность; аллергия к коровьему молоку и пшенице имеют сходные симптомы и сложны в диагностике. Использование современных лабораторных методов исследования может помочь в решении этой проблемы. Цель. Доказать эффективность комплексной лабораторной оценки генетической предрасположенности и сенсибилизации к пищевым аллергенам в диагностике заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта. Материалы и методы. У пациентов с гастроинтестинальными симптомами (n=148) определяли полиморфизм 13910T>C в гене MCM6 и проводили HLA-генотипирование локусов DQA1 и DQB1 (ДНК-технология, Россия). Выявляли сенсибилизацию к аллергенам пшеницы и коровьего молока в тесте активации базофилов с оценкой количества T-лимфоцитов 2-го типа иммунного ответа (Allergenicity kit, Navios, BeckmanCoulter, США). Результаты. Генетическая предрасположенность к непереносимости глютена обнаружена у 37% лиц. Среди них значительно чаще отмечалось повышение содержания Т-клеток 2-го типа, что подтверждает наследственную природу особенностей иммунного ответа при целиакии. Гиперчувствительность к аллергену пшеницы определена у 29%. Маркеры лактазной недостаточности – у 89% пациентов. Гиперчувствительность к аллергену коровьего молока – у 39%. Около 50% лиц с предрасположенностью к непереносимости глютена или лактазной недостаточности не имели сенсибилизации к обоим аллергенам. Сенсибилизация к молоку часто сочеталась с предрасположенностью к лактазной недостаточности (38% vs 4%, р<0,001). Сенсибилизация к пшенице преобладала у лиц без предрасположенности к развитию целиакии (39% vs 10%, р<0,001). Поскольку при отсутствии гаплотипов DQ2/DQ8 диагноз целиакии маловероятен, выявление сенсибилизации к пшенице свидетельствует о наличии аллергии, включая WDEIA или NCGS. Заключение. Применение комплексного тестирования с аллергенами пшеницы и коровьего молока позволило лабораторно подтвердить анамнестические данные у 96% пациентов с желудочно-кишечными симптомами и дать им рекомендации по элиминационной диете. Introduction. Celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA), lactase deficiency, cow’s milk allergy, and wheat allergy have similar symptoms and are difficult for diagnostic. Modern laboratory methods can help to overcome this challenge. Purpose. To substantiate the effectiveness of comprehensive laboratory assessment of genetic predisposition and sensitization to food allergens in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases. Materials and methods. In patients presenting gastrointestinal symptoms (n=148), the 13910 T>C polymorphism in MCM6 gene was determined, and HLA genotyping of the DQA1 and DQB1 was performed (DNA technologies, Russia). A sensitization to wheat and cow’s milk allergens was detected in the basophil activation test with an assessment of the number of T-lymphocytes of type 2 immune response (Allergenicity kit, Navios, Beckman-Coulter, USA). Results. A genetic predisposition to gluten intolerance was found in 37% of individuals. Among them, an increase in T2 cells was noted much more often, confirming the hereditary nature of the immune response features in celiac disease. Wheat hypersensitivity was determined in 29%. Markers of lactase deficiency were found in 89% of patients. Cow’s milk hypersensitivity was discovered in 39%. About 50% of individuals with a predisposition to gluten intolerance or lactase deficiency were not sensitized to both allergens. Milk sensitization was often associated with a predisposition to lactase deficiency (38% vs 4%, p<0.001). Wheat sensitization predominated in individuals without predisposition to celiac disease (39% vs 10%, p<0.001). As the diagnosis of celiac disease is unlikely in the absence of DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, the detection of wheat sensitization is indicative for allergies including WDEIA or NCGS. Сonclusion. The use of comprehensive testing with wheat and cow’s milk allergens allowed to confirm anamnestic findings in 96% of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms by laboratory means and to give them recommendations for a nutritional treatment.

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New nomenclature of allergic diseases and hypersensitivity reactions

Bychkova

2024

Cytokines and inflammation

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The review presents a modern view on the mechanisms of initiation and development of hypersensitivity reactions in response to external triggers based on the new nomenclature of allergic diseases proposed in 2023 by EAACI. The new concept of hypersensitivity is considered in detail, which systematizes previous classifications and summarizes newly obtained data on the etiology and mechanisms of development of inflammatory reactions in comparison with various variants of the immune response, based on the concept of phenotypes and endotypes of the disease. The modern concept of allergic reactions includes several types - associated with antibody formation (I-III), cell-mediated (IVa-c) and the Pichler concept, tissue-dependent, caused by defects in the epithelial barrier and metabolically induced immune dysregulation (V-VI), as well as a direct immunoinflammatory reaction to chemicals (VII). In the updated classification of allergic reactions, the adaptive and innate immune responses take a part in the initiation and effector phase of hypersensitivity reactions. The role of regulatory and effector subpopulations of lymphocytes and ILCs in various types of hypersensitivity is outlined. The leading role of epithelial barrier dysfunction in many allergic diseases, as well as the influence of viral infection on their course, is noted. The significance of metabolic dysregulation and its impact on the immune response is indicated. From the updated nomenclature of allergic reactions, it follows that several pathophysiological mechanisms may underlie the development of the same disease. It is interesting that most cellular and humoral factors are involved in various mechanisms of hypersensitivity, which once again confirms the biological universality of the immune response. As a wide range of people become familiar with the new concept and clinical and experimental data accumulate, the updated classification of hypersensitivity types will contribute to a theoretically sound, correct practical approach to the prevention of allergic diseases, improving their diagnosis and treatment.

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CD3<sup>+</sup>CD294<sup>+</sup>T cells of the type 2 immune response: their role in allergic inflammation

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

T-lymphocytes of the 2nd type of the immune response and their role in enhancing inflammation during the professional activities of firefighters

T-lymphocytes of the 2nd type of the immune response and their role in enhancing inflammation during the professional activities of firefighters

Opportunities of Comprehensive Laboratory Diagnosis of Genetic Predisposition to Lactose and Gluten Intolerance and Sensitization to Wheat Flour and Cow’s Milk Allergens

New nomenclature of allergic diseases and hypersensitivity reactions

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