CD4 + T Cell Subsets and Pathways to HIV Latency

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background In December 2019, the first case of pneumonia associated with the SARS-CoV-2 was found in Wuhan and rapidly spread throughout China, so data are needed on the affected patients. The purpose of our study was to find the clinical manifestations and CT features of COVID-19.Methods All patients with COVID-19 in Taizhou city were retrospectively included and divided into non-severe group and severe group according to the severity of the disease. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations and imaging features of COVID-19 patients were analyzed, and the differences between the two groups were compared.Results A total of 143 laboratory-confirmed cases were included in the study, including 110 non-severe patients and 33 severe patients. The median age of patients was 47 (range 4–86 years). Fever (73.4%) and cough (63.6%) were the most common initial clinical symptoms. Between two groups of cases, the results of aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, serum albumin, CPR, glomerular filtration rate, amyloid protein A, fibrinogen, calcitonin level and oxygen partial pressure, red protein, IL – 10, absolute value of CD3, CD4, CD8 were different, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). On admission, the CT showed that the lesions were mostly distributed in the external lung or under the pleura (135 cases (98%)), and most of lesions presented as patchy (81%), heterogeneous (73%) and mixed density (63%) shadow. Consolidation (68% vs 41%), bronchial inflation signs (59% vs 41%), and bronchiectasis (71% vs 39%) were more common in the severe group.Conclusions Most of the cases of COVID-19 in Taizhou have mild symptoms and no death. In addition to clinical symptoms, some laboratory tests (such as absolute values of CD4 and CD8) and CT findings can be used to assess the severity of the disease.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Clinical Characteristics and CT Manifestations of 143 Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Taizhou City, Zhejiang, China

et al. 2020

Preprint

“…With the progress of the disease, despite the efforts of T cells to ght against the virus, CD4, CD8 and other lymphocytes were reduced in severe patients or in the later stage of the disease due to the virulence of the virus or the decline of the body's immunity. Possible, the mechanism was similar to that of CD4 cell reduction caused by HIV [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Clinical Characteristics and CT Manifestations of 143 Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Taizhou City, Zhejiang, China

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: In December 2019, the first case of pneumonia associated with the SARS-CoV-2 was found in Wuhan and rapidly spread throughout China, so data are needed on the affected patients. The purpose of our study was to find the clinical manifestations and CT features of COVID-19.Methods: All patients with COVID-19 in Taizhou city were retrospectively included and divided into non-severe group and severe group according to the severity of the disease. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations and imaging features of COVID-19 patients were analyzed, and the differences between the two groups were compared.Results: A total of 143 laboratory-confirmed cases were included in the study, including 110 non-severe patients and 33 severe patients. The median age of patients was 47 (range 4–86 years). Fever (73.4%) and cough (63.6%) were the most common initial clinical symptoms. Between two groups of cases, the results of aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, serum albumin, CR, glomerular filtration rate, amyloid protein A, fibrinogen, calcitonin level and oxygen partial pressure, IL – 10, absolute value of CD3, CD4, CD8 were different, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Therefore, these quantitative indicators can be used to help assess the severity. On admission, the CT showed that the lesions were mostly distributed in the periphery of the lung or subpleural (135 cases (98%)), and most of lesions presented as patchy (81%), mixed density (63%) shadow. Consolidation (68% vs 41%), bronchial inflation signs (59% vs 41%), and bronchiectasis (71% vs 39%) were more common in the severe group.Conclusions: Most of the cases of COVID-19 in Taizhou have mild symptoms and no death. In addition to clinical symptoms, some laboratory tests (such as absolute values of CD4 and CD8) and CT findings can be used to assess the severity of the disease.

“…With the progress of the disease, despite the efforts of T cells, CD4, CD8 and other lymphocytes were reduced in severe patients or in the later stage of the disease owing to the virulence of the virus or the decline of the body's immunity. Whether the mechanism is similar to that of HIV causing CD4 cell depletion remains to be investigated [24,25]. These results re ect the body reached the maximum for clearing the virus, so that this stage may result in decreased lung function, liver function, kidney function, heart function, and even blood clotting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nomogram for predicting the severity of COVID-19 using laboratory examination and CT findings

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has a significant impact on the health of people around the world. In the clinical condition of COVID-19, the condition of critical cases changes rapidly with a high mortality rate. Therefore, early prediction of disease severity and active intervention play an important role in the prognosis of severe patients.Methods: All the patients with COVID-19 in Taizhou city were retrospectively included and segregated into the non-severe and severe group according to the severity of the disease. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results, and imaging findings of the 2 groups were analysed for comparing the differences between the 2 groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for screening the factors that could predict the disease, and the nomogram was constructed.Results: A total of 143 laboratory-confirmed cases were included in the study, including 110 non-severe patients and 33 severe patients. The median age of patients was 47 years (range, 4–86 years). Fever (73.4%) and cough (63.6%) were the most common initial clinical symptoms. By using the method of multivariate logistic regression, the variables to construct nomogram include age (OR: 1.052, 95% CI: 1.020–1.086, P = 0.001), body temperature (OR: 2.252, 95% CI: 1.139–4.450, P = 0.020), lymphocyte count (OR: 1.128, 95% CI: 1.000–1.272, P = 0.049), ADA (OR: 1.163, 95% CI: 1.023–1.323, P = 0.021), PaO2 (OR: 0.972, 95% CI: 0.953–0.992, P = 0.007), IL-10 (OR: 1.184, 95% CI: 1.037–1.351, P = 0.012), and bronchiectasis (OR: 3.818, 95% CI: 1.694–8.605, P = 0.001). The AUC of the established nomogram was 0.877.Conclusions: This study established a stable nomogram for predicting the severity of COVID-19, and the clinicians can use the established nomogram for predicting the severity of newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients and to conduct active intervention for minimising the mortality rate and improving the prognosis of severe patients.