CD4+ T-cell, CD8+ T-cell, CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, and apoptosis as a response to induction phase chemotherapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Abstract

Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a neoplastic disease resulting from somatic mutation in the lymphoid progenitor cells, often occuring in children aged 2-5 years, predominantly in males. Results from the induction phase of chemtherapy are used to measure success, but the failure remission rate is still high. Increased apoptosis of cancer cells, as induced by CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells, is an indicator of prognosis and response to chemotherapy. Objective To assess for correlations between CD4 + , CD8 + , or CD4 + /CD8 + ratio to the chemotherapy induction phase response (i.e., apoptosis) in pediatric ALL patients. Methods This observational analytical cohort study was done in 25 pediatric ALL patients. Whole blood (3 mL) with EDTA anticoagulant were used to measure absolute counts of CD4 + , CD8 + , and CD4 + /CD8 + ratio. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined for apoptosis. The principle of CD4 + , CD8 + examination was bond between antigens on the surface of the leukocyte in the blood with fluorochrome labeled antibodies in the reagents, while the principle of apoptosis examination was FITC Annexin V will bonds with phosphatidylserine that moves out of the cell when the cell undergoes apoptosis, then intercalation with propidium iodide (PI). All examination were detected by flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Results Subjects were 25 newly-diagnosed, pediatric ALL patients (64% males and 36% females). Most subjects were 3 years of age (20%). Numbers of CD4 + and CD8 + cells, as well as CD4 + / CD8 + ratio were significantly decreased after chemotherapy. However, apoptosis was not significantly different before and after chemotherapy (P=0.689), There were significant negative

Clinical and Laboratory Manifestation of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia as an Assessment of Severity: A Study in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital

“…Data supporting diagnosis can be obtained from peripheral blood smear examination or bone marrow aspiration. 8 Early signs of ALL can be observed as abnormal blood examination, which is anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis. Blast cells commonly found in the peripheral blood smear.…”