Sjögren’s disease (SjD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive salivary and lacrimal gland dysfunction, inflammation, and destruction, as well as extraglandular manifestations. SjD is associated with autoreactive B and T cells, but its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. Abnormalities in regulatory T (T
reg
) cells occur in several autoimmune diseases, but their role in SjD is ambiguous. We had previously shown that the function and development of T
reg
cells depend on store-operated Ca
2+
entry (SOCE), which is mediated by ORAI1 Ca
2+
channels and stromal interaction protein 1 (STIM1) and STIM2. Here, we show that mice with a Foxp3
+
T
reg
cell–specific deletion of
Stim1
and
Stim2
develop a phenotype that fulfills all classification criteria of human SjD. Mutant mice have salivary and lacrimal gland inflammation characterized by strong lymphocyte infiltration and transcriptional signatures dominated by T helper 1 (T
H
1) and interferon (IFN) signaling. CD4
+
T cells from mutant mice are sufficient to induce SjD-like disease in an IFN-γ–dependent manner. Inhibition of IFN signaling with the JAK1/2 inhibitor baricitinib alleviated CD4
+
T cell–induced SjD in mice. These findings are consistent with the transcriptional profiles of CD4
+
T cells from patients with SjD, which indicate enhanced T
H
1 but reduced memory T
reg
cell function. Together, our study provides evidence for a critical role of dysfunctional T
reg
cells and IFN-γ–producing T
H
1 cells in the pathogenesis of SjD.