CD44: Structure, Function and Association with the Malignant Process

Naor, David; Sionov, Ronit Vogt; Ish-Shalom, Dvorah

doi:10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60101-3

Cited by 908 publications

(827 citation statements)

References 327 publications

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“…Several of these antigens have been known to be expressed in different malignancies, long before their implication as CSC markers. However, their specific targeting was put forward as means to treat human malignancies only following the revelation of their role in signifying the CSC population [67,81,82].…”

Section: Targeted Therapy-targeting Cscs In Wtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted therapy aimed at cancer stem cells: Wilms’ tumor as an example

2013

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Wilms' tumor (WT), a common renal pediatric solid tumor, serves as a model for a malignancy formed by renal precursor cells that have failed to differentiate properly. Here we review recent evidence showing that the tumors' heterogeneous cell population contains a small fraction of cancer stem cells (CSC) identified by two markers: Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (NCAM1) expression and Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) enzymatic activity. In vivo studies show these CSCs to both self-renew and differentiate to give rise to all tumor components. Similar to other malignancies, the identification of a specific CSC fraction has allowed the examination of a novel targeted therapy, aimed at eradicating the CSC population. The loss of CSCs abolishes the tumor's ability to sustain and propagate, hence, causing tumor degradation with minimal damage to normal tissue.

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Section: Targeted Therapy-targeting Cscs In Wtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted therapy aimed at cancer stem cells: Wilms’ tumor as an example

2013

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“…The cytoplasmic tail embodies 6 putative serine phosphorylation sites and provides a connection to the cytoskeleton and to the tyrosine kinase family [rev. by [2,4,5,12,13]. Recent experiments assume that the juxtamembrane region of the cytoplasmic tail runs parallel to the negatively charged inner membrane because of its mostly basic residues.…”

Section: Protein Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…connective tissues, blood vessels, and muscle [18], highest expression is observed on hematopoietic cells. Therefore CD44s is also referred to as hematopoietic CD44 (CD44H) [12]. Basically epithelial cells express CD44 variants, CD44v9 being the dominant isoform.…”

Section: Expression Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CD44 in hematological neoplasias

2011

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“…The most common isoform expressed by hematopoietic cells and mesenchymal cells is referred to as CD44H. 7,8 Histochemical studies have revealed that intensely hyaluronan positive stromal tissue correlates with increased tumor growth and metastasis in many malignancies. 9,10 In normal healthy tissues, hyaluronan levels are balanced through the concerted action of hyaluronan synthases and hyaluronidases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 or hyaluronidase 1 differentially affect the growth rate of transplantable colon carcinoma cell tumors

Jacobson

Rahmanian

Rubin

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

112

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Advanced colorectal cancers are often associated with elevated amounts of hyaluronan. To investigate the importance of hyaluronan in colon carcinoma tumor progression, we have expressed by stable transfection hyaluronan synthase 2 (Has2) and hyaluronidase 1 (Hyal1) in the rat colon carcinoma cell line, PROb. We found that hyaluronan overproduction led to a higher growth rate of tumor cells in vitro, and to a faster development of transplantable tumors in syngeneic rats, compared to the mock-transfectants. Has2 transfected PROb cells gave rise to tumors that were significantly less vascularized, but had a significantly larger viable tumor fraction compared to tumors generated from mocktransfectants. In contrast, Hyal1 overexpression suppressed the growth rate of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, tumors derived from Hyal1-transfected cells had a significantly larger necrotic area than tumors derived from mock-and Has2-transfectants. Our study demonstrates that Has2 overproduction promotes tumorigenicity, whereas Hyal1 overexpression suppresses tumorigenicity in an experimental model for colon carcinoma.

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CD44: Structure, Function and Association with the Malignant Process

Cited by 908 publications

References 327 publications

Targeted therapy aimed at cancer stem cells: Wilms’ tumor as an example

Targeted therapy aimed at cancer stem cells: Wilms’ tumor as an example

CD44 in hematological neoplasias

Expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 or hyaluronidase 1 differentially affect the growth rate of transplantable colon carcinoma cell tumors

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