CD66 expression in acute leukaemia

Abstract

Antibodies against CD66 identify antigens from the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family of proteins, which belong to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. Despite being usually restricted to cells of myeloid or monocytic origin, CD66 expression has also been reported in blasts from children with B-cell lineage acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL). An analysis of the CD66 expression was undertaken in a series of acute leukaemia patients. Antigenic expression was analysed using triple combinations of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in forty-five patients. The CD66 Kat4 fluorescein isothiocyanate clone was purchased from Dako (Glostrup, Denmark). CD66 was expressed in 2 of 29 patients with AML (acute myeloblastic leukemia) (6.8%) and in 8 of 12 patients with B-cell lineage ALL (66.7%; P<0.001); in blast crisis (BC) of chronic myelocytic leukaemia (CML), CD66 was expressed in two patients with lymphoid BC but not in the two with myeloid BC. The co-expression of CD66 with other myeloid antigens was observed in all CD66+ ALL/ Ly-BC cases tested: CD 13 in six patients, CD33 in seven and CD117 in two patients. The CD66 expression is more frequent in ALL than in AML. Furthermore, we analysed minimal residual disease (MRD) in eight patients in complete remission. CD66 expression was associated with an abnormal B-cell differentiation pattern and with increases in CD34/CD19+ cells in all but one case. These findings suggest that an aberrant expression of CD66 could be used to investigate MRD in ALL. The association between CD66 reactivity and bcr-abl in adult ALL remains to be investigated.

Rhenium 188–labeled anti-CD66 (a, b, c, e) monoclonal antibody to intensify the conditioning regimen prior to stem cell transplantation for patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome: results of a phase I-II study

“…24,25,33,49,50 We felt that these advantageous properties outweighed potential disadvantages such as a lack of binding to myeloid leukaemic blasts. [28][29][30]32 This reliance on the crossfire effect clearly imposes certain limitations on the kinds of patients that can be treated with this approach. Thus, we restricted ourselves to treating patients in remission or PR.…”

“…[28][29][30][31] Aberrant expression is found on a significant fraction of CD10 ϩ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) blasts. 31,32 The CD66 molecule is neither internalized nor shed. 27 The high affinity of the antibody for its target epitope and the abundant expression of the epitope in the marrow results in the accumulation of approximately 50% of the antibody in the marrow within 2 hours.…”

Establishment and phenotypic characterization of human U937 cells with inducible P210 BCR/ABL expression reveals upregulation of CEACAM1 (CD66a)

“…61,62 An interesting observation in this context is that CEAs have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in ALL, preferentially in Philadelphia (Ph)-positive cases. 63 Furthermore, a monoclonal antibody (KOR-SA3544), later identified as CEACAM6, 64 was shown to react with all 26 investigated Ph-positive ALL cases, but only with a minority of Ph-negative ALL and AML. 65 Needless to say, however, further studies are needed before a firm conclusion can be made on mechanisms behind the observed upregulation of CEACAM1 by BCR/ABL.…”

Characterizing the Tumor Suppressor Role of CEACAM1 in Multiple Myeloma

“…In hematologic malignancies, CEACAM1 expression has been reported in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) [12]. Ratei et al reported that CEACAM1 was frequently co-expressed with CD65, CD15, and CD64 in AML [13].…”

“…It is also co-expressed, although less frequently, with CD13, CD33, and the two progenitor markers CD34 and CD117. Several studies have shown that CEACAM1 is abnormally expressed on the cell membrane in B-lymphocytes in acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) [12-14]. Zhao et al reported that inhibition of CEACAM1 in B-ALL cell lines resulted in reduced cell proliferation and increased percent apoptosis [15].…”