cDNA Sequence and Tissue Distribution of Canine Na-Dependent Neutral Amino Acid Transporter 2 (ASCT 2)

Ochiai, Hideharu; Onda, Ken; Ogihara, Kikumi; Naya, Yuko; Sugiyama, Hiroki; Maruo, Takuya

doi:10.1292/jvms.12-0171

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This strong conservation of ASCT2 receptor recognition throughout mammalian evolution (see also references 54 and 55) probably explains the susceptibility of various vertebrate species to ASCT2-mediated retroviral endogenization, a feature that is now extended to the xenarthran clade of placental mammals. Moreover, as similarly observed for the human, murine, bovine, monkey, and canine ASCT2 genes (54,(56)(57)(58), dasyASCT2 is widely expressed in several armadillo tissues, with its transcripts being detected in spleen, liver, kidney, muscle, and placenta (Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Genome-Wide Screening of Retroviral Envelope Genes in the Nine-Banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus, Xenarthra) Reveals an Unfixed Chimeric Endogenous Betaretrovirus Using the ASCT2 Receptor

Malicorne

Vernochet

Cornelis

et al. 2016

J Virol

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Retroviruses enter host cells through the interaction of their envelope (Env) protein with a cell surface receptor, which triggers the fusion of viral and cellular membranes. The sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter ASCT2 is the common receptor of the large RD114 retrovirus interference group, whose members display frequent env recombination events. Germ line retrovirus infections have led to numerous inherited endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in vertebrate genomes, which provide useful insights into the coevolutionary history of retroviruses and their hosts. Rare ERV-derived genes display conserved viral functions, as illustrated by the fusogenic syncytin env genes involved in placentation. Here, we searched for functional env genes in the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) genome and identified dasy-env1.1, which clusters with RD114 interference group env genes and with two syncytin genes sharing ASCT2 receptor usage. Using ex vivo pseudotyping and cell-cell fusion assays, we demonstrated that the Dasy-Env1.1 protein is fusogenic and can use both human and armadillo ASCT2s as receptors. This gammaretroviral env gene belongs to a provirus with betaretrovirus-like features, suggesting acquisition through recombination. Provirus insertion was found in several Dasypus species, where it has not reached fixation, whereas related family members integrated before diversification of the genus Dasypus >12 million years ago (Mya). This newly described ERV lineage is potentially useful as a population genetic marker. Our results extend the usage of ASCT2 as a retrovirus receptor to the mammalian clade Xenarthra and suggest that the acquisition of an ASCT2-interacting env gene is a major selective force driving the emergence of numerous chimeric viruses in vertebrates. IMPORTANCE Retroviral infection is initiated

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Genome-Wide Screening of Retroviral Envelope Genes in the Nine-Banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus, Xenarthra) Reveals an Unfixed Chimeric Endogenous Betaretrovirus Using the ASCT2 Receptor

Malicorne

Vernochet

Cornelis

et al. 2016

J Virol

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“…System B 0 and AlaSerCys (ASC)-like Na þdependent neutral AA transporters have been reported to improve the absorption of Met in human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) (13) , in the brush-border membrane vesicles of the chicken jejunum (14) and in shrimp hepatopancreatic cells (15) . ASCT2 (SLC1A5) and B 0 AT1 (SLC6A19) were expressed in all examined mammal tissues and were located in the brush borders of epithelial cells where they mediated the transportation of neutral AA (16)(17)(18) . The former is an Na þ -and Cl --dependent transporter, which actively transports most neutral AA except for aromatic ones, and is mainly expressed in the kidney and intestine.…”

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confidence: 99%

dl-Methionine supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet affects the TOR/S6K pathway by stimulating ASCT2 amino acid transporter and insulin-like growth factor-I in the dorsal muscle of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

Chi

Tan

et al. 2019

Br J Nutr

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An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dl-methionine (Met) supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet on growth, key gene expressions of amino acid transporters and target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway in juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum. Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated, containing 0·72, 0·90, 1·00, 1·24, 1·41, 1·63 and 1·86 % Met. Weight gain and specific growth rates increased gradually with Met levels of up to 1·24 % and then decreased gradually. In dorsal muscle, mRNA levels of ASCT2 in the 1·00 % Met group were significantly up-regulated compared with 0·72, 1·63, and 1·86 %. The insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA levels in the dorsal muscle of fish fed 1·00 and 1·24 % Met were higher than those in fish fed other Met levels. In addition, fish fed 1·24 % Met showed the highest mRNA levels of TOR and phosphorylation of TOR on Ser2448. The phosphorylation of ribosomal p70-S6 kinase (S6K) on Ser371 in the dorsal muscle of fish fed 1·86 % Met was higher than those in the 0·72 % group. In conclusion, straight broken-line analysis of weight gain rate against dietary Met level indicates that the optimal Met requirement for juvenile cobia is 1·24 % (of DM, or 2·71 % dietary protein). Met supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet increased cobia growth via a mechanism that can partly be attributed to Met’s ability to affect the TOR/S6K signalling pathway by enhancing ASCT2 and IGF-I transcription in cobia dorsal muscle.

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“…In mammals, ASCT2 is widely expressed in many tissues, such as lung, skeletal muscle, kidney, testis, intestine, brain, placenta, and pancreas [27][28][29]. Moreover, the expression levels of ASCT2 in various tissues are different [30,31]. In our previous study of grass carp, ASCT2 was widely expressed in intestine, liver, brain, heart, kidney, gill, muscle, hypophysis, spleen and gonad [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular Characterization and Nutrition Regulation of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter ASCT2 in Triploid Crucian Carp

Mao

Luo

Zhao

et al. 2021

Fishes

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AlaSerCys Transporter 2 (ASCT2), encoded by the SLC1A5 gene, plays an important role in the absorption of glutamine. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequence of ASCT2 was cloned from triploid crucian carp. It encodes 539 amino acid residues and a stop codon. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequences of the ASCT2 ORF region in cyprinid fishes shared high sequence homology. Comparing the abundance of ASCT2 in different tissues, we found its expression level in muscle was significantly higher than that in intestine (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of ASCT2 also appeared different in diurnal variation. Then we found the addition of 2.5% glutamate in a feeding diet significantly increased the expression levels of ASCT2 in intestine and muscle (p < 0.05). However, in glutamine experiments, the muscle showed the highest expression level of ASCT2 when fish were fed the diet containing 3.0% glutamine (p < 0.05). In vitro, ASCT2 was sensitive to glutamine and its expression level appeared down-regulated when the addition of glutamine was added to 0.1 mg/mL. Finally, we found that the diet with 29% protein level significantly increased the expression level of ASCT2 in intestine (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, different protein sources (fish meal and soybean meal) had no significant effect on the expression levels of ASCT2 in intestine and muscle (p > 0.05). These results provided data for the study of ASCT2 in triploid crucian carp regulated by feeding nutrition, which had a potential application in improving feed formulation in aquaculture.

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cDNA Sequence and Tissue Distribution of Canine Na-Dependent Neutral Amino Acid Transporter 2 (ASCT 2)

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Genome-Wide Screening of Retroviral Envelope Genes in the Nine-Banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus, Xenarthra) Reveals an Unfixed Chimeric Endogenous Betaretrovirus Using the ASCT2 Receptor

Genome-Wide Screening of Retroviral Envelope Genes in the Nine-Banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus, Xenarthra) Reveals an Unfixed Chimeric Endogenous Betaretrovirus Using the ASCT2 Receptor

dl-Methionine supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet affects the TOR/S6K pathway by stimulating ASCT2 amino acid transporter and insulin-like growth factor-I in the dorsal muscle of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

Molecular Characterization and Nutrition Regulation of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter ASCT2 in Triploid Crucian Carp

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