CdTe films electrodeposited from chlorine-containing solutions

Rakhshani, A. E.

doi:10.1088/0953-8984/11/46/313

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…À ions increases through a reaction involving chlorine, which can account for the deposition of excess Te, the core of the owers in the deposition process. 45 These aggregated Te would develop bigger as the reaction time prolongs, leading to the formation of owers. Finally, the double-layered structure is obtained by this electrodeposition method.…”

Section: Possible Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sodium chloride on the electrochemistry activity of electrodeposited CdTe films with various morphologies

Wang

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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Section: Possible Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sodium chloride on the electrochemistry activity of electrodeposited CdTe films with various morphologies

Wang

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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“…18 In both acidic and basic media, CdTe has been electrodeposited mainly from electrolytes containing sulfate ions ͑SO 4 2− ͒ as counter anions of Cd͑II͒ ions. Although in acidic [19][20][21][22][23] media, electrodeposition of CdTe from some electrolytes with an additional concentration of chloride ions or from CdCl 2 electrolytes has been reported, there are few reports in basic media. 24,25 The addition of chloride ions into the plating solution yielded a CdTe layer with a better performance of solar cells, 19 although the effect of chlorine on the film characteristics has not been discussed explicitly in any of these publications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although in acidic [19][20][21][22][23] media, electrodeposition of CdTe from some electrolytes with an additional concentration of chloride ions or from CdCl 2 electrolytes has been reported, there are few reports in basic media. 24,25 The addition of chloride ions into the plating solution yielded a CdTe layer with a better performance of solar cells, 19 although the effect of chlorine on the film characteristics has not been discussed explicitly in any of these publications. In addition, it has been briefly reported that the crystallinity of CdTe increases slightly when replacing sulfate ions in the electrolyte with chloride ions in the basic media.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chloride Ions on Electrodeposition of CdTe from Ammoniacal Basic Electrolytes

Arai

Murase

Hirato

et al. 2006

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrodeposition of CdTe was carried out using ammoniacal basic electrolytes containing chloride ions in order to investigate the effect of chloride ions on the electrodeposition behavior and on the properties of the resulting CdTe deposits. Photoeffect on CdTe electrodeposition, that is, the increase in the deposition rate under irradiation of white visible light onto the growing surface of the CdTe, was depressed with increasing concentration of chloride ions in the deposition bath, while all the irradiation conditions gave flat, smooth, and polycrystalline CdTe layers with almost stoichiometric composition ͑49.1-51.7 atom % Cd͒. Both the Cd content and crystallinity of the resulting deposits increased with increasing concentration of chloride ions in the electrolytes. The asdeposited CdTe layer prepared from the chloride electrolyte had an n-type conduction, although the CdTe layer obtained from the sulfate electrolyte was p-type, suggesting that chloride ions in the electrolyte became incorporated into the CdTe layer and formed the donor level.CdTe is a promising material for solar cell applications 1-5 because its bandgap of 1.45 eV at room temperature is suitable for energy conversion from sunlight to electricity. Since CdTe has a high optical-absorption coefficient, a CdTe layer with thickness of 1-2 m is enough for thorough absorption of sunlight. In addition to some dry or nonwet processes such as screen printing and closespaced sublimation, electrodeposition 6-8 has been investigated for the preparation of thin-layered compound semiconductors for solar cell applications, and the cell made up of an n-CdS/p-CdTe heterojunction has been put into production on an industrial scale. 9 Since the pioneering work of Kröger's group in the late 1970s, 6 aqueous acidic sulfate electrolytes have historically and almost exclusively been employed as the bath for CdTe electrodeposition, 10 although organic electrolytes 11 have also been studied. In contrast, we have proposed that aqueous basic, or alkaline, electrolytes containing ammonia are also suitable for the electrodeposition of a uniform CdTe layer, since these basic solutions have a relatively high solubility of Te͑IV͒ species as TeO 3 2− ions. 12-17 From the basic electrolytes, we successfully obtained smooth and flat polycrystalline CdTe deposits with a nearly stoichiometric composition at potentials positive to that of bulk-Cd deposition. 14 Furthermore, it turned out that the deposition rate was considerably increased by photoirradiation of the cathode surface during the electrodeposition. 18 In both acidic and basic media, CdTe has been electrodeposited mainly from electrolytes containing sulfate ions ͑SO 4 2− ͒ as counter anions of Cd͑II͒ ions. Although in acidic 19-23 media, electrodeposition of CdTe from some electrolytes with an additional concentration of chloride ions or from CdCl 2 electrolytes has been reported, there are few reports in basic media. 24,25 The addition of chloride ions into the plating solution yielded a CdTe layer with a better pe...

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Photo-induced current transient spectroscopic study of the traps in CdTe

Mathew¹

2003

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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CdTe films electrodeposited from chlorine-containing solutions

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of sodium chloride on the electrochemistry activity of electrodeposited CdTe films with various morphologies

Effect of sodium chloride on the electrochemistry activity of electrodeposited CdTe films with various morphologies

Effect of Chloride Ions on Electrodeposition of CdTe from Ammoniacal Basic Electrolytes

Photo-induced current transient spectroscopic study of the traps in CdTe

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