Ce-Fe-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as an efficient catalyst for sulfamethazine degradation in aqueous solution

Abstract

A heterogeneous Fenton catalyst Ce(0)-Fe(0)-reduced graphene oxide (Ce-Fe-RGO) was synthesized with chemical reduction methods and used for degradation of sulfamethazine. The introduction of Ce and graphene increased the dispersibility of iron particles which was confirmed by SEM and TEM. The results of VSM analysis showed good magnetism of Ce-Fe-RGO. The catalyst performance was compared with other kinds of catalysts (Fe(0) and Ce(0)-Fe(0)) for degradation of sulfamethazine. The results showed that Ce(0)-Fe-RGO had good catalytic performance and adsorption. X-ray diffraction showed the change of iron oxide on catalyst surface after use. The total sulfur (TS), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and intermediates, such as small organic molecular and anion ions, were analyzed by IC under different pH conditions. Finally, the possible catalytic mechanism was tentatively proposed based on inhibitor experimental results and XPS characterization. The main active species was hydroxyl radical on catalyst surface and the transition between Ce(3+) and Ce(4+) which enhanced the reduction from Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) and formation of ·OH and ·O2 (-).

Degradation of sulfamethazine antibiotics using Fe3O4–Mn3O4 nanocomposite as a Fenton‐like catalyst

“…The lower TOC removal efficiency can be ascribed to that some intermediates produced in the system being difficult to further degrade by · OH. The intermediates of SMT degradation were studied previously by our group . Several intermediate products, including 4‐amino‐N‐carbamimidoyl‐benzenesulfanamide, sulfanilic acid, 2‐amino‐4,6‐dimethylpyrimidine, sulfanilamide, aniline and carboxylic acid were detected in the final solution by GC‐MS.…”

“…The intermediates of SMT degradation were studied previously by our group. 18 CONCLUSIONS Fe 3 O 4 /Mn 3 O 4 composites were successfully synthesized with a polyol process and an impregnation method, which had excellent catalytic activity for the degradation of SMT in a heterogeneous Fenton-like process. Characterization of the catalyst before and after reaction indicated that the catalyst was stable.…”

“…15,16 The enhanced catalyst activity can be ascribed to the valence and occupied sites, the adsorption capacity and the physico-chemical changes. 14 Costa et al 17 synthesized substituted magnetites Fe 3-x M x O 4 (Co, Mn, Ni) under N 2 atmosphere at 430 ∘ C. The other modification is the combination of two different oxides into one hybrid, which can also increase the catalyst activity, such as Fe-Ce, 18 nNi-Fe, 19 Fe/CeO 2 20 and Fe 3 O 4 /CeO 2 . 21 The bimetallic materials can be prepared through reducing ferrous and transition metal salts with strong reductant (KBH 4 , NaBH 4 , etc.).…”

Graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanocomposites as high-performance antifungal agents against Plasmopara viticola

“…Graphene possesses interesting physical and chemical properties, and has a wide range of technological applications in recent years [10][11][12]. In particular, great efforts have been devoted to exploring graphene oxide (GO) as novel antimicrobial agents with a severe cytotoxic effect on bacteria [13][14][15][16], fungi [17,18], and plant pathogens [19,20].…”

Transition metal oxides for combustion and depollution processes

“…Cu, Mn, Fe oxides were used for CWAO processes: degradation of Acid Red over Cu-Mn/TiO2 composites [316], oxidation of Rhodamine B over MnO2 [317], oxidation of paper industry wastewater over Ce0.4Fe0.6O2 [318] or Ce1−xCoxOy mixed oxides [319]. CWPO were mainly performed over Fe [320,321] or Cu catalysts [322], the…”