Ceforanide: Antibacterial Activity, Pharmacology, and Clinical Efficacy

Abstract

Ceforanide is a new cephalosporin with a longer elimination half-life than any currently available cephalosporin. Its activity is very similar to that of cefamandole, a second-generation cephalosporin, except that ceforanide is less active against most gram-positive organisms. Many coliforms, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Proteus, are susceptible to ceforanide, as are most strains of Salmonella, Shigella, Hemophilus, Citrobacter and Arizona species. However, most strains of Serratia marcescens and all Pseudomonas aeruginosa are resistant to this compound. Peak serum concentrations in excess of 100 micrograms/ml are achieved after a 1 g intravenous dose. The elimination half-life of ceforanide is about 3 hrs in patients with normal renal function; this allows twice daily dosing for the majority of patients. As renal excretion amounts for 85-90% of drug elimination, the serum half-life increases to approximately 20 hours in anuric patients. Tissue penetration studies demonstrate inhibitory concentrations in cardiac tissue, bone, and joint fluid. Minor adverse effects have been reported after large doses of ceforanide. Clinical trials indicate that ceforanide is effective in the treatment of skin and soft tissue, pulmonary and urinary tract infections, bone and joint infections, and endocarditis. Ceforanide also has been shown to be as effective as cephalothin or cephaloridine when given prophylactically for vaginal hysterectomy.

Identification of key pathways and genes in carotid atherosclerosis through bioinformatics analysis of RNA-seq data

“…Furthermore, using the CMAP database, we identified three small molecular compounds (CeForanide, Chenodeoxycholic acid, and 0317956-0000) that potentially interact with central genes. Reports from clinical trials show that ceforanide has a satisfactory antibacterial effect, and is effective in treating skin and soft tissue, pulmonary and urinary tract infections, bone and joint infections, and endocarditis [ 32 ]. The small molecule drugs that we screened may exert potential activity against atherosclerosis.…”

Guide to Drug dosage in Renal Failure1

“…Antibacterial drugs: 1 Pechere & Dugal (1979); 2 Noone (1984); 3 Rlstuccia & Cunha (1985); 4 Meyer (1981); 5 Hallynek et al (1981); 6 Craig at al. (1983); 7 Guay (1983); 8 Brogden et al (1976); 9 Tartaglione & Polk (1985); 10 Balant et al (1985); 11 Thompson & Wright (1983); 12 Clark et al (1983); 13 Derry (1981); 14 Leroy et al (1982); 15 Czerwinski & Federson (1979);16 Qulntillanl & Nightingale (1978); 17 Gambertoglio et al (1984); 18 Pontzer & Kaye (1984); 19 Lyon (1983); 20 Barriere & Mills (1982); 21 Doluiso (1982); 22 Konishi & Ozawa (1984); 23 Kampf et al (1981); 24 Ohkawa et al (1981); 25 Matzke & Keane (1983); 26 Richards …”

Plasma and Tissue Concentrations of Ceforanide and Cefazolin in Women Undergoing Hysterectomy

“…It would be expected that the higher serum levels of each of these agents subsequent to intra venous rather than intramuscular admin istration would produce corresponding increases in these tissue levels [9,15]. In a study of intravenous administration of 2 g intravenous doses of cefazolin, uter ine tissue levels were maintained over 12.5 ¡xg/g for at least 150 min [9], Fur ther, if the cefazolin was administered in the operating room just prior to surgery, instead of on call to the operating room, then more optimal concentrations would presumably be present during the in traoperative period.…”