Celebrating 100 years of insulin

Marshall, Sally M.

doi:10.1007/s00125-021-05417-3

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…33, called Majorie, was intravenously treated with 10 cc of fetal calf pancreas extract. Her urine became sugar-free within an hour, and she lived for 70 days [ 8 , 13 ]. Their objective was then to produce sufficient stable quantities of pancreatic extract, for which they had the help of the biochemist Dr. James Collip.…”

Section: The Discovery Of Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

100 Years since the Discovery of Insulin, from Its Discovery to the Insulins of the Future

Lambert,

Delgado

2024

Biomedicines

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The term diabetes first emerged in the 3rd century BC, in a reference by Demetrius of Apamea, who described the disease as a dropsy in which any liquid ingested is eliminated in the form of urine. However, the great discovery that revolutionized this field came from the Canadian doctor Frederick Banting, who together with his student and assistant Charles Best, managed to isolate insulin and treat a patient with diabetes on 23 January 1922. This patient was Leonard Thompson, and the results obtained from him were surprising. His glycosuria and ketonuria disappeared and his blood glucose returned to normal. He received daily injections and lived 13 more years. Advances in the treatment of diabetes have been numerous in the 100 years since its discovery. In this review, we recapitulate the most important events that have occurred, and where research is progressing today.

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Section: The Discovery Of Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

100 Years since the Discovery of Insulin, from Its Discovery to the Insulins of the Future

Lambert,

Delgado

2024

Biomedicines

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“…However, this method often results in poor patient compliance and unavoidable physical and mental suffering. 37,38 Therefore, noninvasive routes are under intensive investigation. 39−43 Oral administration of insulin is considered to be the most advantageous therapy to mimic endogenous insulin secretion by establishing a physiological gradient of portal−peripheral insulin.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insulin (INS) remains the only effective drug for controlling blood glucose levels in patients with insufficient INS secretion diabetes, which causes devastating macrovascular complications (cardiovascular disease) and microvascular complications ( e.g ., diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy), impacting nearly 10.5% (537 million people) of the whole population. − Frequent subcutaneous injections of insulin are essential to attaining normoglycemia in patients with type 1 or advanced type 2 diabetes. However, this method often results in poor patient compliance and unavoidable physical and mental suffering. , Therefore, noninvasive routes are under intensive investigation. − Oral administration of insulin is considered to be the most advantageous therapy to mimic endogenous insulin secretion by establishing a physiological gradient of portal–peripheral insulin . However, two major barriers must be crossed, including the biochemical barrier (gastric acid and gastrointestinal tract enzymes) and the physical barrier (mucus layer and epithelium). − Nanoparticles find intriguing applications in oral insulin delivery because of their large surface area for drug loading and interactions with the gastrointestinal tract, as well as their versatile modifiability to address oral barriers. − Furthermore, glucose-responsive nanomaterials based on phenylboronic acid and its derivatives have attracted great interest in the construction of self-regulated insulin delivery systems. − However, the development of a full-featured carrier to ensure high loading capacity, intelligent release, efficient protection, and transportation of insulin remains a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Template-Free Self-Assembly of Hollow Microtubular Covalent Organic Frameworks for Oral Delivery of Insulin

Dai,

Wu,

Xiao

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have demonstrated versatile application potential since their discovery. Although the structure of COFs is orderly arranged, the synthesis of controllable macrostructures still faces challenges. Herein, we report, to our knowledge, the first template-free selfassembled COF-18 Å hollow microtubule (MT-COF-18 Å) structure and its use for insulin delivery that exhibits high loading capacity, gastroresistance, and glucose-responsive properties. The hollow MT-COF-18 Å was achieved by a template-free method benefiting from the mixed solvents of mesitylene and dioxane. The formation mechanism and morphology changes with insulin loading and release were observed. In Caco-2 cells, the transferrin-coated system demonstrated enhanced insulin cellular uptake and transcellular transport, which indicated great potential for oral applications. Additionally, the composites presented sustained glycemic control and effective insulin blood concentrations without noticeable toxicity in diabetic rats. This work shows that hollow microtubular COFs hold great promise in loading and delivery of biomolecules.

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“…One of the most common chronic illnesses diagnosed in childhood, type 1 diabetes (T1D) is not only increasing in incidence worldwide, but also in prevalence as treatment advances enable more children to live into adulthood [1][2][3]. Since the landmark findings put forth by the Diabetes Complications and Control Trial, T1D treatment and management centers about maintaining glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) below 7% to prevent morbidity and early mortality [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and design of the first structured clinic-based program in lower resource settings to transition emerging adults with type 1 diabetes from pediatric to adult care

Sarteau

Peerzada²,

Goyal³

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Introduction Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing in young people worldwide and more children in resource limited settings are living into adulthood. There is a need for rigorous testing and reporting of evidence-based and stakeholder-informed strategies that transition individuals with T1D from pediatric to adult care. We present the development of and design of the first structured transition program in Delhi, India, to inform similar efforts in India and resource limited settings. Methods The intervention development team included clinicians and researchers with expertise in T1D and the implementation context. To select intervention outcomes, establish intervention targets, and design session modules, we drew upon formative research conducted at prospective intervention implementation sites, consensus guidelines, and previous care transition and behavior change research conducted in developed settings. We used the Template for Intervention Description and Replication and GUIDance for the rEporting of intervention Development checklists to report the intervention and development process. Results The 15-month program (“PATHWAY”) includes five quarterly ~30 minute sessions delivered predominantly by diabetes educators at pediatric and adult clinics, which coincide with routine care visits. Primary program components include educational and behavioral sessions that address psychosocial drivers of clinic attendance and self-management, diabetes educators as transition coordinators and counselors, and a one-year “overlap period” of alternating visits between pediatric and adult providers. Conclusions We followed a systematic and transparent process to develop PATHWAY, which facilitated rich description of intervention context, guiding principles, targets, and components. Dependence on previously published program examples to design PATHWAY may have introduced challenges for program feasibility and effectiveness, underscoring the importance of input gathering from prospective intervention actors at multiple points in the development process. This detailed report in combination with future evaluations of PATHWAY support efforts to increase rigorous development and testing of strategies to improve outcomes among emerging adults with T1D.

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Celebrating 100 years of insulin

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

100 Years since the Discovery of Insulin, from Its Discovery to the Insulins of the Future

100 Years since the Discovery of Insulin, from Its Discovery to the Insulins of the Future

Template-Free Self-Assembly of Hollow Microtubular Covalent Organic Frameworks for Oral Delivery of Insulin

Development and design of the first structured clinic-based program in lower resource settings to transition emerging adults with type 1 diabetes from pediatric to adult care

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