Celiac Disease and Liver Disorders: From Putative Pathogenesis to Clinical Implications

Hoffmanová, Iva; Sánchez, Daniel; Tučková, Ludmila; Tlaskalová‐Hogenová, Helena

doi:10.3390/nu10070892

Cited by 46 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…Alterations (dysbiosis or pathogenic organisms) may shift the immune response by favoring the development of certain subpopulation of lymphocytes that trigger a different cytokine response in the host. Physiologically the mucosal immune response to foreign antigens in the small intestine led to the development of tolerance to these antigens by apoptosis and active suppression by regulatory (Treg) T cells of antigen specific T cells [18,81,82,83,84]. As already discussed, there are similarities in activation of innate and adaptive immune system by immunogenic gliadin peptides and altered microbes in the gut.…”

Section: Factors Modulating Gut Colonization In Celiac Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease and probiotics

2019

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Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy, and unique in that the specific trigger is known: gluten. The current mainstay of therapy is a gluten-free diet (GFD). As novel therapies are being developed, complementary strategies are also being studied, such as modulation of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiota is involved in the initiation and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation in several chronic diseases. Intestinal dysbiosis has been reported in CeD patients, untreated or treated with GFD, compared to healthy subjects. Several studies have identified differential bacterial populations associated with CeD patients and healthy subjects. However, it is still not clear if intestinal dysbiosis is the cause or effect of CeD. Probiotics have also been considered as a strategy to modulate the gut microbiome to an anti-inflammatory state. However, there is a paucity of data to support their use in treating CeD. Further studies are needed with therapeutic microbial formulations combined with human trials on the use of probiotics to treat CeD by restoring the gut microbiome to an anti-inflammatory state.

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Section: Factors Modulating Gut Colonization In Celiac Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease and probiotics

2019

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“…In any case, it is generally asymptomatic, benign, and with a strict gluten-free diet transient condition [9,21,26]. There is, however, evidence that IHTS in patients with CD in cases of an inconsistent gluten-free child can evolve into serious liver disorders, such as chronic hepatitis and consequent liver cirrhosis [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated hypertransaminasemia in children up to two years with classical celiac disease

Radlovic

Lekovic

Mladenovic³

et al. 2019

Srp Arh Celok Lek

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Introduction/Objective Isolated hypertransaminasemia (IHTS) is a common, benign, and transient appearance in patients with celiac disease (CD). The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of IHTS in children up to two years old with clinically classical CD, as well as its connection with the onset of the first symptoms of the disease, the age of diagnosis, the clinical and laboratory nutritional parameters, and the degree of damage of small intestinal mucosa. Methods The study was based on a sample of 82 children, 55 female and 27 male, ages 7-24 (14.28 ± 4.41) months. The diagnosis of CD was based on the revised ESPGHAN criteria and the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by standard laboratory methods. Results IHTS was found in 39 (47.56%) patients, 27 of whom (69.23%) had elevated levels of both transaminases and 12 of only one-eight of AST and four of ALT. The increase in relation to the aforementioned reference value for ALT was 1.1-10.08 (1.67 ± 1.73), and for AST it was 1.08-7.91 (1.56 ± 1.29) times. In patients with IHTS compared to those with normal transaminasemia, the age of onset of CD was significantly lower (9.83 ± 3.69 vs. 12.95 ± 4.43 months, p = 0.001), as well as the age of diagnosis (12.97 ± 3.88 vs. 15.47 ± 4.56 months; p = 0.01), while the differences in the other observed parameters were not significant. Conclusions IHTS occurs in almost half of children up to two years old with classical CD. Hypertransaminasemia is in most cases mild and significantly more frequent in patients with earlier clinical expression of the CD.

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“…Wheat is responsible for the induction of several diseases, such as celiac disease, wheat allergy, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity [3,4,5,6,7]. The prevalence of these gluten-related diseases has reached 1% to 6% in Europe and North America [8,9,10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Beneficial Effects Of Oat In a Gluten-free Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pros and Cons of Using Oat in a Gluten-Free Diet for Celiac Patients

et al. 2019

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A therapeutic gluten-free diet often has nutritional limitations. Nutritional qualities such as high protein content, the presence of biologically active and beneficial substances (fiber, beta-glucans, polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential amino acids, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals), and tolerance by the majority of celiac patients make oat popular for use in gluten-free diet. The health risk of long-time consumption of oat by celiac patients is a matter of debate. The introduction of oat into the diet is only recommended for celiac patients in remission. Furthermore, not every variety of oat is also appropriate for a gluten-free diet. The risk of sensitization and an adverse immunologically mediated reaction is a real threat in some celiac patients. Several unsolved issues still exist which include the following: (1) determination of the susceptibility markers for the subgroup of celiac patients who are at risk because they do not tolerate dietary oat, (2) identification of suitable varieties of oat and estimating the safe dose of oat for the diet, and (3) optimization of methods for detecting the gliadin contamination in raw oat used in a gluten-free diet.

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Celiac Disease and Liver Disorders: From Putative Pathogenesis to Clinical Implications

Cited by 46 publications

References 85 publications

The Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease and probiotics

The Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease and probiotics

Isolated hypertransaminasemia in children up to two years with classical celiac disease

The Pros and Cons of Using Oat in a Gluten-Free Diet for Celiac Patients

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