Cell and Fiber Attachment to Demineralized Dentin from Normal Root Surfaces

Abstract

The study assessed connective tissue and epithelial responses to dentin specimens (obtained from normal roots of human teeth) after surface demineralization. Rectangular dental specimens with opposite faces of root and pulpal dentin were prepared from beneath root surfaces covered by periodontal ligament. One-half of the specimens were treated with citric acid, pH 1, for 3 minutes, while the remainder served as untreated control specimens. Specimens were implanted vertically into incisional wounds on the dorsal surface of rats with one end of the implant protruding through the skin. Four specimens in each group were available 1, 3, 5 and 10 days after implantation. Histologic and histometric analyses included counts of adhering cells, evaluation of connective tissue fiber relationships and assessment of epithelial migration. Analyses within each group comparing root and pulpal surfaces showed no differences between any of the parameters. Comparisons between experimental and control groups showed that demineralized surfaces had a greater number of cells attached, fiber attachment occurred and epithelial downgrowth was inhibited. The fiber attachment to experimental specimens differed morphologically from fiber attachment to normal root surfaces: the number of fibers attached per unit length and the diameter of attached fibers were significantly less on experimental specimens. Demineralized specimens at 10 days had a distinct eosinophilic surface zone. Surface demineralization of dentin predisposed toward a cell and fiber attachment system which inhibited migration of epithelium.

Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Promotes Wound Healing in Rat Periodontal Fenestration Defects

“…The objective of acid conditioning is to remove the smear layer (after mechanical root preparation) as well as sufficient inorganic matrix, exposing the collagen fibers without excessive destruction of the ultrastructural characteristics which would otherwise delay remineralization (Garrett et al, 1978;Polson et al, 1983). This altered root surface may provide a substrate that promotes chemotaxis, migration, and attachment of periodontal cells encouraging connective attachment to the denuded root surface (Fernyhough and Page, 1983;Hanes and Polson, 1989;Hanes et al, 1985;Polson and Hanes, 1987).…”

Efficacy of a root conditioning agent on fibrin network formation in periodontal regeneration: A SEM evaluation

“…The protein layer formation is followed by the adherence of platelets and deposition of fibrin forming a network into which cells can migrate and get trapped. It has also been found that on a root surface without well exposed collagen fibers, the fibrin network only opposes but cannot get attached (Polson and Proye[4], Hanes, Polson and Ladenheim[5]. On the other hand, a well-demineralized root surface with exposed collagen fibrils is considered highly thrombogenic.…”

Root Biomodification in Periodontics - The Changing Concepts

“…Hence root biomodification procedures have been introduced by using a variety of agents to detoxify, decontaminate and demineralize the root surface, thereby removing the smear layer and exposing the collagenous matrix of dentin and cementum [19]. Since then various root conditioners have been used which include e.g., citric acid, tetracycline HCI, EDTA, phosphoric acid, and hydrogen peroxide, enamel matrix proteins, recombinant human growth factors, platelet-rich plasma, and dentin bonding conditioner.…”