Cell Culture-Based Assessment of Toxicity and Therapeutics of Phytochemical Antioxidants

Abstract

Plant-derived natural products are significant resources for drug discovery and development including appreciable potentials in preventing and managing oxidative stress, making them promising candidates in cancer and other disease therapeutics. Their effects have been linked to phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activities. The abundance and complexity of these bio-constituents highlight the need for well-defined in vitro characterization and quantification of the plant extracts/preparations that can translate to in vivo effects and hopefully to clinical use. This review article seeks to provide relevant information about the applicability of cell-based assays in assessing anti-cytotoxicity of phytochemicals considering several traditional and current methods.

Synthesis and Preliminary Characterization of Polyurethane Matrices Used as a Drug Carrier for Bromelain

“…However, it is worth to mention that bromelain as an enzyme is a chemical compound that degrades at high temperatures as it appears in another study [33]. Cell cultures mimic the in vivo condition for studies on the chemical compounds and drugs toxicity studies and as efficacy markers; a huge number and types of cells lines are involved in various toxicity studies [34]. Primary Human Dermal Fibroblasts-adult (HDFa) are isolated from adult skin and they are often used in the research of skin diseases, melanoma, anti-aging efficacy or antimicrobial potential of new cosmetics, etc.…”

Gentamicin–Ascorbic Acid Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles Improved In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Minimized Cytotoxicity

“…The choice of biodegradable and biocompatible materials for nano-drug delivery is a critical tactic for preventing their accumulation in the body and minimizing the probability of hazardous consequences [ 47 ]. Cell cultures are mostly utilized for screening purposes and for providing clear information about the toxicological profile of potential therapeutic drugs while avoiding the needless exposure of animals to extremely cytotoxic substances [ 48 ].…”

Tissue-Protective Mechanisms of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Flap Surgery

“…Phytochemicals usually also exhibit a comparatively low bioavailability that complicates their application ( Holst and Williamson, 2008 ). Modifications in the extraction/purification protocols for phytochemicals or the use of natural bioavailability enhancers may help to overcome these problems ( Singh et al, 2019 ; Asuzu et al, 2022 ). In addition, there are several promising strategies for targeted drug delivery, such as the generation of micronized and encapsulated formulations or the binding of phytochemicals to nanocarriers ( Smoliga and Blanchard, 2014 ).…”