1986
DOI: 10.1007/bf00375893
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Cell division and death in the mouse blastocyst before implantation

Abstract: The numbers of cells in the trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) of mouse blastocysts were counted by differentially labelling their nuclei with two polynucleotide-specific fluorochromes. Blastocysts recovered from the uterus at intervals between their formation early on Day 4 to the initial stages of implantation on day 5 were analysed. TE cell number increase was initially rapid, indicating some synchronisation of the sixth division, but slowed down progressively and plateaued on Day 5, possibly due … Show more

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Cited by 153 publications
(90 citation statements)
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“…Events that occur from the earliest cleavage stages make it progressively harder to detect developmental features directly inherited from the zygote because later cell interactions and other distortions mask inherited organization. After the 32-cell stage, these events include: relatively rapid increase of cells in the cavity shell compared to cells in and surrounding the ICM (Supplementary Material 2), migration of outer cells from around the ICM to the cavity shell, preferentially in one direction (Copp, 1979, Cruz and Pedersen, 1985, Gardner, 1998, Gardner and Davies, 2002, and extensive cell death in the ICM and possibly the trophectoderm (Copp, 1978, Handyside andHunter, 1986).…”
Section: Why the 32-cell Stage?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Events that occur from the earliest cleavage stages make it progressively harder to detect developmental features directly inherited from the zygote because later cell interactions and other distortions mask inherited organization. After the 32-cell stage, these events include: relatively rapid increase of cells in the cavity shell compared to cells in and surrounding the ICM (Supplementary Material 2), migration of outer cells from around the ICM to the cavity shell, preferentially in one direction (Copp, 1979, Cruz and Pedersen, 1985, Gardner, 1998, Gardner and Davies, 2002, and extensive cell death in the ICM and possibly the trophectoderm (Copp, 1978, Handyside andHunter, 1986).…”
Section: Why the 32-cell Stage?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cell death is reported to occur naturally beginning at the 8-cell stage (Handyside and Hunter, 1986;Hardy, Handyside and Winston, 1989;Hardy, 1997). We therefore asked if the inhibitors affect these deaths.…”
Section: Cell Death In the Developing Pre-implantation Embryo Is Not mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The expression of caspases 2 and 3 (but not caspase 1) has been shown for blastocysts (Weil, Jacobson, Coles, Davies, Gardner, Raff and Raff, 1996). A few cells routinely die in the blastocyst (Handyside and Hunter, 1986) (Weil, Jacobson, Coles, Davies, Gardner, Raff and Raff, 1996). However, pre-implantation development is not disrupted by individually knocking out Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-X, Bcl-W, or caspases 1, 2,3,8,9, or 11 (Pampfer and Donnay, 1999).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Dead cells Apoptosis at time of embryo implantation S Pampfer and I Donnay (about 8% at peak level) in that report were those with a nucleus disintegrated into a cluster of highly fluorescent fragments and a plasma membrane still able to exclude a living cell impermeant dye (propidium iodide). 16 The realization that limited cell suicide occurs during early embryo growth takes on broader significance with the observation that its frequency can increase under certain conditions. There is now growing evidence that such a situation may exist in vivo when the uterine environment is altered by maternal diabetes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%