Cell‐free therapy based on stem cell‐derived exosomes: A promising approach for wound healing

Abstract

There are several successive and overlapping phases in wound healing as a complex process. By the disruption of each of these phases, chronic non-healing wounds are resultant. Despite the present soothing surgeries, standard wound dressings and topical gels, the wound is often not completely closed. Today, stem cells have attracted a huge deal of attention therapeutically and pharmaceutically considering their unique features. However, they have some restrictions. Moreover, it is hoped to eliminate the limitations of cellular therapies based on their derivatives known as exosomes. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted from cells. They have a diameter of almost 30-150 nm and miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins that are possibly different from the source cell are included in exosomal contents. Such nanovesicles have a key role in the intercellular communication of pathological and physiological procedures. Exosome-based therapy is a new significant method for wound healing. By exosomes effects, wound management may be improved and a new therapeutic model may be highlighted for cell-free therapies with reduced side effects for the wound repair.

Dentin regeneration based on tooth tissue engineering: A review

“…Exosomes are lipid bilayer vesicles (30–150 nm in diameter) that are released by cells in order to increase intercellular communication. They include mRNA and micro‐RNA, cytosolic proteins and trans membrane proteins 137 . Notably, recent research has shown that extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells have user‐friendly qualities, such as being simple to obtain and better at storing, and they have tremendous potential as a cell‐free next‐generation strategy to improve cell therapies.…”

Effect of HM-Exos on the migration and inflammatory response of LPS-exposed dental pulp stem cells

“…Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by various cell types and have a diameter of 30-150 nm. They contain various types of components obtained from source cells, such as proteins, miRNAs, RNA, and DNA, which conduct a significant role in cell-to-cell interaction [9]. They are involved in regulating important biological processes such as the immune response and inflammation, collagen production, tissue regeneration, blood coagulation, and angiogenesis [9][10][11].…”

“…They contain various types of components obtained from source cells, such as proteins, miRNAs, RNA, and DNA, which conduct a significant role in cell-to-cell interaction [9]. They are involved in regulating important biological processes such as the immune response and inflammation, collagen production, tissue regeneration, blood coagulation, and angiogenesis [9][10][11]. Moreover, exosomes are being employed more often as a component in wound healing and scar-free procedures.…”

Effect of Elaeagnus Angustifolia extract on in vitro wound healing of human dermal fibroblast cells

“…A serious global public health problem that can be fatal is impaired skin wound healing. Despite several therapy attempts to encourage wound healing, the best treatment strategies are still being developed [ 1 ]. Thus, several laboratory investigations and clinical trials have been carried out to look into novel methods of promoting wound healing by the use of either contemporary physical and pharmacological therapies or phytotherapy [ 2 ].…”