Cell Gas Analysis in Plastic Foams

Wan, Cary C.; Tyler, Frank S.; Nienhuis, Nicholas C.; Bell, R.W.

doi:10.1177/0021955x9102700201

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…5 Recently, a gasbag gas chromatographic (GC) technique was reported that permitted the determination of all gases present in the cell structure of the foam. 3 The methodology reported in this paper was developed independently and likewise makes use of a gasbag GC system. However, this method incorporates a unique foam extraction device with a shredding/thermal desorption vessel that offers advantages over the earlier reported method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thermal Desorption Procedure for Determining Residual Blowing Agent (CFC-11) in Rigid Foam

Pollack¹,

Holdren²,

Keigley³

et al. 1993

Air & Waste

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thermal Desorption Procedure for Determining Residual Blowing Agent (CFC-11) in Rigid Foam

Pollack¹,

Holdren²,

Keigley³

et al. 1993

Air & Waste

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“…Building from the GC methods outlined by Svanstrom and Ramnas (1995;1996) and others not included in this literature review (Ascough, 1989;Wan, Tyler, & Nienhuis, 1991) (Ascough, 1989;Wan et al, 1991), Macchi-Tejeda et. al.…”

Section: Gas Chromatography -Flame Ionization Detection (Gc-fid)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Chemical Analysis of Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate Foam Insulations

Berardi¹

2023

Preprint

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For some closed cell foam insulation products, the thermal conductivity increases at low temperatures, contrary to single thermal resistance values provided by manufacturers. This phenomenon has been demonstrated in various polyurethane and polyisocyanurate insulations. The reduction in thermal performance has been attributed to the diffusion of air and blowing agent through the foam and to the condensation of blowing agent. Aging processes such as freeze-thaw cycling, moisture accumulation, and polymer degradation further increase thermal conductivity. The initial cell structure plays a role in dictating the thermal performance. To further understand the loss of thermal performance in closed cell foams, microstructure and chemical characterization was performed in this study. The aging behavior of foam insulations was analyzed by imaging foams with SEM and by measuring foam. Changes in the polymer physical attributes were identified and compared to increases in thermal conductivity. This project also used gas chromatography and quantified changes in pentane concentration in polyisocyanurate foams that have undergone aging

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“…In this technique, the cell gas content of the foam was determined by crushing a sample of the foam in an evacuated chamber and sweeping the released gas mixture through a gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector. By this method [21,22], one can accurately separate and track cell gas components for any closed-cell foamed material throughout its lifetime.…”

Section: Foam Permeability Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aged cell gas analysis of foams made with polyether polyol and polyether polyol + DEG. See Table 5 for the foam formulation details were blown exclusively with water, and by using cell gas analysis [21] one can track the loss of carbon dioxide and uptake of air, as a function of time, for each foam. Figure 13 demonstrates how the improvement detected in the film permeability of the DEG-containing material translates into an improvement in foam permeability.…”

Section: Incorporation Of Ethylene Oxide Into Polyurethane Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Polymer Structure on the Gas Permeability of Model Polyurethanes

Kaplan

Tabor

1994

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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In the face of impending CFC elimination, a large variety of low-boiling alternate blowing agents have come under scrutiny for use in rigid foam insulation applications. The permeability of both the alternate blowing agent and atmospheric gases through the rigid foam thermoset polymer contributes to the rate at which the k -factor of the resulting foam deteriorates.In this study, a compression molding method for synthesizing polymer films from polyurethane formulation components (a variety of diols with pure and polymeric methylenediphenyl diisocyanate) was developed and utilized to produce films containing distinct structural features. The permeabilities of the films to oxygen and carbon dioxide were then determined using a diffusion cell combined with either an infrared or coulombic detector.The effects on permeability of structural features such as diol molecular weight, alkylene oxide repeat unit, and isocyanate functionality are presented. Structural features determined to promote improved barrier performance in polymer films have been incorporated into a fully formulated foam system. Foam permeability and k -factor aging comparisons were then made which demonstrate the improved foam barrier performance. The resulting structure/permeability correlations derived from these experiments will be useful in designing rigid foam polymers for use in alternate blowing agent applications.

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Cell Gas Analysis in Plastic Foams

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

A Thermal Desorption Procedure for Determining Residual Blowing Agent (CFC-11) in Rigid Foam

A Thermal Desorption Procedure for Determining Residual Blowing Agent (CFC-11) in Rigid Foam

Microstructural and Chemical Analysis of Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate Foam Insulations

The Effect of Polymer Structure on the Gas Permeability of Model Polyurethanes

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