Cell invasion, <scp>RAGE</scp> expression, and inflammation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (<scp>OSCC</scp>) cells exposed to e‐cigarette flavoring

Tsai, Kary Y F; Budge, Kelsey M Hirschi; Lepre, Anthony P; Rhees, Michael S; Ajdaharian, Janet; Geiler, Jordy; Epperson, Daniel G.; Astle, Kolten J; Winden, Duane R.; Arroyo, Juan A.; Reynolds, Paul

doi:10.1002/cre2.314

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…in fact, the World Health Organization has stated eCig vaping should not be recommended until its true toxicity profile have been properly established (Food and Drug Administration, HHS, 2016). Previous studies in our laboratory showed diverse inflammatory and invasive effects employed by OSCCs when treated with eCig liquid and nicotine (23). This research suggested a flavor and nicotine dependent regulation of OSCC biology.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic cigarettes (eCig) represent a new avenue of tobacco exposure that involves heating oil-based liquids and the delivery of aerosolized flavors with or without nicotine, yet little is known about their overall health impact. The oral cavity is an anatomic gateway for exposure that can be compromised by activating myriad of signaling networks. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) is a common malignancy affecting 30,000 people in the United States each year. Our objective was to determine the impact of eCig and nicotine on gingival OSSC invasion and their secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules. Gingiva-derived Ca9-22 cells and tongue-derived Cal27 cells were exposed to eCig vapor extract (EVE) generated from Red Hot or Green Apple (Apple) flavored eCig solution +/- nicotine for 6 hours. Isolation of protein lysates and collection conditioned media was done after treatment. Real-time cellular invasion was assessed using a RTCA DP instrument. Protein expression was determined using western blot. Compared to controls, we observed: elevated NF-kB, TNF-α, ERK, JNK, MMP-13 and cell invasion by Ca9-22 treated with Apple EVE; increased TNF-α and JNK by Ca9-22 treated with Red Hot EVE; and increased TNF-α and JNK by Cal27 cells treated with both Apple and Red Hot EVE. We conclude that eCig flavoring and nicotine orchestrated differential cell invasion and inflammatory effects. This study provides an important initial step in dissecting mechanisms of cancerous invasion and molecular avenues employed by OSCC.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 172 , 173 In the larynx, rats exposed to e‐cig aerosols showed early evidence of hyperplasia and metaplasia of the mucosa, 174 although the results were not statistically significant in this limited study, and increases in IL‐4. 175 In addition, both nicotine‐containing and nicotine‐free e‐juice have been found to cause biologic disruptions including oxidative stress, DNA breakage, metanuclear anomalies, liposomal dysfunction, and solvent and lipid accumulation, and cytotoxicity in human gingival fibroblasts, 67 , 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 , 180 vocal fold epithelial cells and fibroblasts, 181 , 182 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, 67 , 183 , 184 , 185 noncancerous oral and oropharyngeal epithelial cells, 139 , 178 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 middle ear epithelial cells, 193 , 194 , 195 nasal epithelial cells, 196 , 197 and organotypic cultures/organoids. 178 , 182 , 197 Interestingly, a recent study found that oral cancer cells exposed to e‐cig aerosols increased cell resistance to cisplatin through changes in drug transporters, suggesting a mechanism for e‐cig‐induced chemotherapy resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Electronic Cigarettes on the Upper Aerodigestive Tract: A Comprehensive Review for Otolaryngology Providers

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The use and effects of electronic (e)‐cigarettes (e‐cigs) are particularly relevant for otolaryngology providers as tobacco plays a major role in benign and malignant diseases of the upper aerodigestive tract. This review aims to (1) summarize the recent policies regarding e‐cigs and important patterns of use and (2) serve as a comprehensive resource for clinical providers on the known biologic and clinical effects of e‐cigs on the upper aerodigestive tract. Data Sources PubMed/MEDLINE. Review Methods We conducted a narrative review on (1) general information on e‐cig use and informative findings in the lower respiratory system and a comprehensive review on (2) the effects of e‐cigs on cell and animal models and the clinical implications of these products on human health as is relevant to otolaryngology. Conclusions Although e‐cigs are likely less harmful than conventional cigarettes, preliminary research on e‐cigs suggest several deleterious effects including in the upper aerodigestive tract. Due to this, there has been increased interest in restricting e‐cig usage, particularly among the adolescent population, and caution in recommending e‐cigs to current smokers. Implications for Practice Chronic e‐cig use is likely to have clinical implications. It is critical for otolaryngology providers to be aware of the rapidly changing regulations and use patterns regarding e‐cigs and how e‐cigs influence human health, particularly with regards to the upper aerodigestive tract, to accurately council patients regarding potential risks and benefits of use.

show abstract

“…Twenty-six studies investigated the effects of flavored e-cigarettes. 12,14,[16][17][18]22,26,28,30,[32][33][34][37][38][39][40]47,50,52,56,58,59,61,63,64 The most commonly studied flavors were tobacco and mint/menthol, which appeared in 9/26 and 4/26 studies, respectively. One study 22 compared the effects of 10 different flavored e-liquids versus unflavored e-liquid of the same brand on oral epithelial cells and showed that, in general, flavored e-liquids (±nicotine) were associated with increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, cytotoxicity, and micronuclei formation compared to unflavored e-liquid.…”

Section: Histologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Toxicological Effects of e‐Cigarette Use in the Upper Airway: A Scoping Review

Worden,

Hicks,

Hackman

et al. 2024

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveWhile evidence continues to emerge on the negative health effects of electronic cigarettes (e‐cigarettes) on the lungs, little is known regarding their deleterious effects on the upper airway. The purpose of this review is to summarize the toxicological effects of e‐cigarettes, and their components, on the upper airway.Data SourcesPubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE databases.Review MethodsSystematic searches were performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines from 2003 to 2023. Studies were included if they investigated the toxicological effects of e‐cigarette exposure on human or animal upper airway tissue. Two authors independently screened, reviewed, and appraised all included articles.ResultsA total of 822 unique articles were identified, of which 53 met inclusion criteria and spanned subsites including the oral cavity (22/53 studies), nasal cavity/nasopharynx (13/53), multiple sites (10/53), larynx (5/53), trachea (2/53), and oropharynx (1/53). The most commonly observed consequences of e‐cigarette use on the upper airway included: proinflammatory (15/53 studies), histological (13/53), cytotoxicity (11/53), genotoxicity (11/53), and procarcinogenic (6/53). E‐cigarette humectants independently induced toxicity at multiple upper airway subsites, however, effects were generally amplified when flavoring(s) and/or nicotine were added. Across almost all studies, exposure to cigarette smoke exhibited increased toxicity in the upper airway compared with exposure to e‐cigarette vapor.ConclusionCurrent data suggest that while e‐cigarettes are generally less harmful than traditional cigarettes, they possess a distinct toxicological profile that is enhanced upon the addition of flavoring(s) and/or nicotine. Future investigations into underexamined subsites, such as the oropharynx and hypopharynx, are needed to comprehensively understand the effects of e‐cigarettes on the upper airway.

show abstract

Cell invasion, RAGE expression, and inflammation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells exposed to e‐cigarette flavoring

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract

Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract

Impact of Electronic Cigarettes on the Upper Aerodigestive Tract: A Comprehensive Review for Otolaryngology Providers

The Toxicological Effects of e‐Cigarette Use in the Upper Airway: A Scoping Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About