Cell-mediated immunity to <i>Malassezia furfur </i>
in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis and pityriasis versicolor

Bergbrant, Ing‐Marie; Andersson, Bert; Faergemann, Jan

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2230.1999.00512.x

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The most recent study of cellular immunity in SD also did not show any difference in response between patients and controls to Malassezia or mitogens (46).…”

Section: Cellular Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Immunology of Diseases Associated withMalasseziaSpecies

2002

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SUMMARY Malassezia species are members of the human cutaneous commensal flora, in addition to causing a wide range of cutaneous and systemic diseases in suitably predisposed individuals. Studies examining cellular and humoral immune responses specific to Malassezia species in patients with Malassezia-associated diseases and healthy controls have generally been unable to define significant differences in their immune response. The use of varied antigenic preparations and strains from different Malassezia classifications may partly be responsible for this, although these problems can now be overcome by using techniques based on recent work defining some important antigens and also a new taxonomy for the genus. The finding that the genus Malassezia is immunomodulatory is important in understanding its ability to cause disease. Stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system and activation of the complement cascade contrasts with its ability to suppress cytokine release and downregulate phagocytic uptake and killing. The lipid-rich layer around the yeast appears to be pivotal in this alteration of phenotype. Defining the nonspecific immune response to Malassezia species and the way in which the organisms modulate it may well be the key to understanding how Malassezia species can exist as both commensals and pathogens.

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“…The most recent study of cellular immunity in SD also did not show any difference in response between patients and controls to Malassezia or mitogens (46).…”

Section: Cellular Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Recently, Bergbrant et al (46) reported significantly lower LT responses to Malassezia in patients with PV than in controls (P Ͻ 0.001), but the responses to mitogens did not differ between the two groups.…”

Section: Pityriasis Versicolormentioning

confidence: 93%

Immunology of Diseases Associated withMalasseziaSpecies

2002

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“…and inflammation. Indeed, the yeasts are responsible for a superficial subclinical micro-inflammation in dandruff and a similar although more pronounced reaction in seborrhoeic dermatitis [23, 24, 25, 26]. KET which exhibits a strong anti- Malassezia effect may therefore show an indirect mild anti-inflammatory effect in these conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ketoconazole 1% and 2% Shampoos on Severe Dandruff and Seborrhoeic Dermatitis: Clinical, Squamometric and Mycological Assessments

et al. 2001

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Ketoconazole (KET) is active to control dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. Objective assessments comparing the 1% and 2% shampoo formulations are scant. This open, randomized parallel-group trial was carried out to differentiate the effectiveness of KET 1% and 2% in severe dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. A total of 66 patients with severe dandruff or seborrhoeic dermatitis were randomized to each of the two groups. A 2-week run-in phase was followed by a 4-week treatment phase, in turn followed by a 4-week follow-up. The efficacy of treatments was evaluated by combining squamometry X, Malassezia spp. counts and clinical assessments. After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, KET 2% was significantly superior over KET 1% (p < 0.001) for decreasing both in flakiness and Malassezia density from baseline. The same trend was observed in the mean change from baseline in the overall dandruff severity score. Only 6 mild adverse events were reported. During follow-up KET 2% showed a trend to fewer relapses than KET 1%. KET 2% had superior efficacy compared to KET 1% in the treatment of severe dandruff and scalp seborrhoeic dermatitis. Biometrological evaluations were correlated with the clinical improvements and therefore useful to incorporate in future dandruff studies.

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“…Berger and Greene in 1991 [33] reported that this condition could be a hypersensitivity reaction to Pityrosporum yeasts, but its association is still doubtful (Figure 1). However, recent studies have failed to demonstrate any fungal overgrowth [34] or a rise in the levels of IgG titers against the yeast in HIV-1-seropositive patients [35,36]. …”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into HIV‐1‐primary skin disorders

Cedeno-Laurent

Gómez‐Flores

Méndez

et al. 2011

Journal of the International AIDS Society

123

100

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Since the first reports of AIDS, skin involvement has become a burdensome stigma for seropositive patients and a challenging task for dermatologist and infectious disease specialists due to the severe and recalcitrant nature of the conditions. Dermatologic manifestations in AIDS patients act as markers of disease progression, a fact that enhances the importance of understanding their pathogenesis.Broadly, cutaneous disorders associated with HIV type-1 infection can be classified as primary and secondary. While the pathogenesis of secondary complications, such as opportunistic infections and skin tumours, is directly correlated with a decline in the CD4+ T cell count, the origin of the certain manifestations primarily associated with the retroviral infection itself still remains under investigation.The focus of this review is to highlight the immunological phenomena that occur in the skin of HIV-1-seropositive patients, which ultimately lead to skin disorders, such as seborrhoeic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and eosinophilic folliculitis. Furthermore, we compile the latest data on how shifts in the cytokines milieu, impairments of the innate immune compartment, reactions to xenobiotics and autoimmunity are causative agents in HIV-1-driven skin diseases. Additionally, we provide a thorough analysis of the small animal models currently used to study HIV-1-associated skin complications, centering on transgenic rodent models, which unfortunately, have not been able to fully unveil the role of HIV-1 genes in the pathogenesis of their primarily associated dermatological manifestations.

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Cell-mediated immunity to Malassezia furfur in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis and pityriasis versicolor

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Immunology of Diseases Associated withMalasseziaSpecies

Immunology of Diseases Associated withMalasseziaSpecies

Effect of Ketoconazole 1% and 2% Shampoos on Severe Dandruff and Seborrhoeic Dermatitis: Clinical, Squamometric and Mycological Assessments

New insights into HIV‐1‐primary skin disorders

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