Cell migration

Abstract

Asymmetric distribution of the Listeria monocytogenes ActA protein is required and sufficient to direct actin-based motility. Mol. Microbiol. 17, 945-951. 3. Kocks, C., Marchand, J.B., Gouin, E., d'Hauteville, H., Sansonetti, P.J., Carlier, M.F., and Cossart, P. (1995). The unrelated surface proteins ActA of Listeria monocytogenes and IcsA of Shigella flexneri are sufficient to confer actin-based motility on Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli respectively. Mol. Microbiol. 18, 413-423. 4. Cameron, L.A., Footer, M.J., van Oudenaarden, A., and Theriot, J.A. (1999). Motility of ActA proteincoated microspheres driven by actin polymerization. Proc. Natl.

R-Ras Controls Membrane Protrusion and Cell Migration through the Spatial Regulation of Rac and Rho

“…Specifically, Rac mediates the formation of focal complexes (Rottner et al, 1999), some of which mature into focal adhesions dependent on Rho activity (Rottner et al, 1999). Cell migration is a cyclical process that is dependent on the ability of a cell to continually assemble and disassemble its focal adhesions (Sheetz et al, 1998(Sheetz et al, , 1999Horwitz and Parsons, 1999;Munevar et al, 2001;Webb et al, 2002). Therefore, we analyzed focal adhesions in control T47D cells and cells expressing activated R-Ras (38V) using immunofluorescence.…”

Non-Muscle Myosin-II-B Filament Regulation of Paracellular Resistance in Cervical Epithelial Cells Is Associated With Modulation of the Cortical Acto-Myosin

“…The Y-27632 and okadaic acid effects in the epithelial CaSki cells resemble effects in smooth muscle cells where calcium-dependent phosphorylation of myosin-II filaments involves ROCK -mediated inhibition of myosin heavy chain phosphatase [35,36]. Since activation of Rho-related proteins modulates the cytoskeleton even in low organisms such as protozoa [37,38], the present results suggest that ROCK-related modulation of myosin heavy chain phosphatase is a general mechanism that determines the rigidity of the cytoskeleton among species and cell types. According to this hypothesis myosin heavy chain phosphatase dephosphorylates the NMM-II-HC-B directly, while ROCK effect is secondary, through phosphorylation and inhibition of the myosin heavy chain phosphatase.…”

The Acetylenic Tricyclic Bis(cyano enone), TBE-31 Inhibits Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Migration through Direct Binding with Actin

“…Newly forming cell adhesions at the front attach the protrusions to the substratum and provide traction, whereas the focal adhesions at the rear disassemble and contractions help retract the tail (6)(7)(8). This process relies on the localization of polarity proteins and the reorganization of different components of the cytoskeleton, which consists of the microtubule network, intermediate filaments, and the actin cytoskeleton.…”

“…Cdc42 and formins regulate actin polymerization to form long unbranched bundles of actin to form filopodia, which are thought to act as sensors that can probe for external cues. Rac1 activates actin-related proteins 2 and 3 (Arp2/3), causing it to bind to preexisting bundles of actin and promote branched actin polymerization to form lamellipodia, which are broad sheet-like protrusions that drive the cell forward (6)(7)(8). Bundles of actin also form stress fibers to give a cell its shape and work with focal adhesions and myosin to produce contractile forces in cell migration (9,10).…”