Cell surface topography of Candida and Leucosporidium yeasts as revealed by scanning electron microscopy

Watson, Kenneth; Arthur, Helen

doi:10.1128/jb.130.1.312-317.1977

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…After application of this slowing-down technique, centripetally intruding spoke-like canals (Fig. 11c) were demonstrated on the surface of the daughter cells (54), which canals to a certain extent resemble the so-called separation scars on the cell surface of yeasts (133).…”

Section: Cell Separation In Staphylococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal Cell Wall: Morphogenesis and Fatal Variations in the Presence of Penicillin

Giesbrecht

Kersten

Maidhof

et al. 1998

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

268

167

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SUMMARY The primary goal of this review is to provide a compilation of the complex architectural features of staphylococcal cell walls and of some of their unusual morphogenetic traits including the utilization of murosomes and two different mechanisms of cell separation. Knowledge of these electron microscopic findings may serve as a prerequisite for a better understanding of the sophisticated events which lead to penicillin-induced death. For more than 50 years there have been controversial disputes about the mechanisms by which penicillin kills bacteria. Many hypotheses have tried to explain this fatal event biochemically and mainly via bacteriolysis. However, indications that penicillin-induced death of staphylococci results from overall biochemical defects or from a fatal attack of bacterial cell walls by bacteriolytic murein hydrolases were not been found. Rather, penicillin, claimed to trigger the activity of murein hydrolases, impaired autolytic wall enzymes of staphylococci. Electron microscopic investigations have meanwhile shown that penicillin-mediated induction of seemingly minute cross wall mistakes is the very reason for this killing. Such “morphogenetic death” taking place at predictable cross wall sites and at a predictable time is based on the initiation of normal cell separations in those staphylococci in which the completion of cross walls had been prevented by local penicillin-mediated impairment of the distribution of newly synthesized peptidoglycan; this death occurs because the high internal pressure of the protoplast abruptly kills such cells via ejection of some cytoplasm during attempted cell separation. An analogous fatal onset of cell partition is considered to take place without involvement of a detectable quantity of autolytic wall enzymes (“mechanical cell separation”). The most prominent feature of penicillin, the disintegration of bacterial cells via bacteriolysis, is shown to represent only a postmortem process resulting from shrinkage of dead cells and perturbation of the cytoplasmic membrane. Several schematic drawings have been included in this review to facilitate an understanding of the complex morphogenetic events.

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Section: Cell Separation In Staphylococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal Cell Wall: Morphogenesis and Fatal Variations in the Presence of Penicillin

Giesbrecht

Kersten

Maidhof

et al. 1998

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

268

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of multiple-size yeast cells is observed, spanning from 1.93 μ m to 7.76 μ m in length. Chain yeast elongations are visible, and protrusions on the cell surfaces show cell budding mechanisms [55]. Figure (Figure 4) shows bud and birth scars as well as bud-parent junctions (marked with red circles, yellow and red arrows accordingly).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalising the electrical properties of Kombucha zoogleal mats for biosensing applications

Nikolaidou,

Chiolerio,

Dehshibi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Kombucha is a type of tea that is fermented using yeast and bacteria. During this process, a film made of cellulose is produced. This film has unique properties such as biodegradability, flexibility, shape conformability, and ability to self-grow, as well as be produced across customised scales. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that Kombucha mats exhibit electrical activity represented by spikes of electrical potential. We propose using microbial fermentation as a method for in situ functionalisation to modulate the electroactive nature of Kombucha cellulose mats, where graphene and zeolite were used for the functionalisation. We subjected the pure and functionalised Kombucha mats to mechanical stimulation by applying different weights and geometries. Our experiments demonstrated that Kombucha mats functionalised with graphene and zeolite exhibit memfractive properties and respond to load by producing distinctive spiking patterns. Our findings present incredible opportunities for the in situ development of functionalised hybrid materials with sensing, computing, and memory capabilities. These materials can self-assemble and self-grow after fusing their living and synthetic components. This study contributes to an emergent area of research on bioelectronic sensing and hybrid living materials, opening up exciting opportunities for use in smart wearables, diagnostics, health monitoring and energy harvesting applications.

show abstract

“…The presence of multiple-size yeast cells is observed, spanning from 1.93 to 7.76 μm in length. Chain yeast elongations are visible, and protrusions on the cell surfaces show cell budding mechanisms Figure shows bud and birth scars as well as bud–parent junctions (marked with red circles and yellow and red arrows accordingly).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chain yeast elongations are visible, and protrusions on the cell surfaces show cell budding mechanisms. 52 Figure 4 shows bud and birth scars as well as bud–parent junctions (marked with red circles and yellow and red arrows accordingly). Multipolar budding is also clearly identified on some cells (marked with a yellow circle).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalizing the Electrical Properties of Kombucha Zoogleal Mats for Biosensing Applications

Nikolaidou,

Chiolerio,

Dehshibi

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kombucha is a type of tea that is fermented using yeast and bacteria. During this process, a film made of cellulose is produced. This film has unique properties such as biodegradability, flexibility, shape conformability, and ability to self-grow as well as be produced across customized scales. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that Kombucha mats exhibit electrical activity represented by spikes of the electrical potential. We propose using microbial fermentation as a method for in situ functionalization to modulate the electroactive nature of Kombucha cellulose mats, where graphene and zeolite were used for the functionalization. We subjected the pure and functionalized Kombucha mats to mechanical stimulation by applying different weights and geometries. Our experiments demonstrated that Kombucha mats functionalized with graphene and zeolite exhibit memfractive properties and respond to load by producing distinctive spiking patterns. Our findings present incredible opportunities for the in situ development of functionalized hybrid materials with sensing, computing, and memory capabilities. These materials can selfassemble and self-grow after they fuse their living and synthetic components. This study contributes to an emergent area of research on bioelectronic sensing and hybrid living materials, opening up exciting opportunities for use in smart wearables, diagnostics, health monitoring, and energy harvesting applications.

show abstract

Cell surface topography of Candida and Leucosporidium yeasts as revealed by scanning electron microscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Staphylococcal Cell Wall: Morphogenesis and Fatal Variations in the Presence of Penicillin

Staphylococcal Cell Wall: Morphogenesis and Fatal Variations in the Presence of Penicillin

Functionalising the electrical properties of Kombucha zoogleal mats for biosensing applications

Functionalizing the Electrical Properties of Kombucha Zoogleal Mats for Biosensing Applications

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